新高次四维超混沌系统的广义反同步*

郑 莉,孙常春

(沈阳建筑大学 理学院,沈阳 110168)

摘 要:为了将新的、特殊的混沌系统应用在保密信号、图像加密和电路实现等领域,提出了一个带13次项的超高次四维超混沌系统.通过计算机模拟出了三维空间及二维平面相图,计算了Lyapunov指数谱,分析了该系统的平衡点.根据Lyapunov稳定性理论,设计出非线性反同步控制器,在反同步控制器的作用下,驱动系统与响应系统能够迅速同步.通过Matlab试验平台验证了该控制器的有效性.

关 键 词:混沌;四维混沌系统;超混沌系统;高次项;Lyapunov指数谱;平衡点;广义同步;反同步

近十年来,混沌理论[1]得到了迅速发展.混沌系统的特殊性在于加入了确定性输入后,产生了类似随机的运动,即内随机性.这种内随机性不同于一般随机性,也不同于周期性,具有两种特点.经大量研究发现,混沌广泛存在于人类研究的各个领域.混沌现象不仅在流体力学、物理学、化学等领域被研究和应用,医学上已经证实,麻疹的流行、血细胞生成、心肺功能的相互作用等多种人体生物现象也都是呈混沌态的.同时在社会科学中,混沌理论也被用来探讨人口迁移和用电预测[2]等社会现象.已有学者提出,将混沌信号应用在人工智能中,人类将得到更高智慧的人工智能.目前对混沌理论的研究包括:提出特殊的新系统,如没有平衡点的系统[3]、多平衡点的系统[4]、具有无穷多平衡点的系统[5]、具有共存吸引子的系统[6]、高维系统[7]、高次系统、分数阶系统[8]、切换系统[9]或者兼具以上特征的多特征系统.对这些系统进行动力学分析,证明其混沌性,挖掘其新的特征并进行同步分析[10]和电路实现[11].在以往所提出的高次混沌系统中,含6次项的高次系统已经较为特殊,本文提出了含13次项的四维超混沌系统,其在x1-x2-x3三维空间中呈帽子形,在x1-x2平面投影为嘴唇形.

1 四维超混沌系统

1.1 超混沌系统概述

四维超混沌系统的表达式为

(1)

式中,abcdefghlmn为系统中的未知参数.式(1)中包含了11项,其中5个1次项,3个2次项,1个3次项,1个6次项,1个13次项.

1.2 超混沌系统的相图及李雅普诺夫指数谱

a=20,b=14,c=4,d=8,e=6,f=5,g=11,h=2.8,l=1.5,m=1,n=1且初始值取(0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01)时,系统(1)是混沌的,其相图如图1所示.

图1 系统(1)相图

Fig.1 Phase diagram of system(1)

选取初始值为(0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01)时,系统(1)在1 000 s以内的Lyapunov指数谱如图2所示.

图2 系统(1)Lyapunov指数谱

Fig.2 Lyapunov exponent spectrum of system(1)

式(1)状态方程的维数为4,状态方程的阶数大于2,且LE1>0,LE2>0,LE3=0,LE4<0,LE1+LE2+LE4<0,故系统(1)为超混沌系统.

2 广义反同步控制器设计及仿真实验

2.1 非线性广义反同步控制器设计

响应系统和驱动系统的轨道之间满足某一特定函数关系的同步,称为广义同步,本文给出设计非线性广义反同步控制器的方法.指定系统(1)为驱动系统,则响应系统为

(2)

(3)

将式(2)与式(1)相加,可得

(4)

令非线性控制器为

(5)

将式(5)代入式(4),则有

(6)

取Lyapunov函数显然V正定.

e1(-ae2+ω1)+e2(de2+ω2)+

e3(-ge3+ω3)+e4(me1+ne4+ω4)

为了保证

(7)

可得d=8,g=11,n=1时,从理论上证明了响应系统(2)和驱动系统(1)反同步.

2.2 仿真实验

在Matlab平台下,取误差为10-6x1(0)=0.01,x2(0)=0.01,x3(0)=0.01,x4(0)=0.01,y1(0)=0.02,y2(0)=0.02,y3(0)=0.02,y4(0)=0.02,在非线性控制器作用下,驱动系统与响应系统能迅速同步.图3为加入控制器时系统(1)和(2)的反同步误差曲线.

图3 加入控制器时系统(1)和(2)的反同步误差曲线

Fig.3 Curves of anti-synchronization errors of systems (1)and(2)after addition of controller

3 结 论

本文提出了含超高次项四维超混沌系统,在非线性反同步控制器作用下,驱动系统与响应系统能够迅速同步.因该超混沌系统具有一定的特殊性,在保密通信及图像加密中具有更高的实用价值.

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Generalized anti-synchronization of new high-order four-dimensional hyperchaotic system

ZHENG Li, SUN Chang-chun

(School of Science, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China)

AbstractIn order to apply a new and special chaotic system to secure signals, image encryption, circuit implementation and other fields, a high order four-dimensional hyperchaotic system with 13 terms was proposed.Three-dimensional space and two-dimensional plane phase diagrams were simulated by computers, the Lyapunov exponential spectrum was calculated, and the equilibrium point of the system was analyzed.According to Lyapunov stability theory, a nonlinear anti-synchronization controller was designed.The response system can synchronize with the driving system under the action of anti-synchronization controller.The effectiveness of the controller was verified by the Matlab test platform.

Key wordschaos; four-dimensional chaotic system; hyperchaotic system; high order term; Lyapunov exponential spectrum; equilibrium point; generalized synchronization; anti-synchronization

中图分类号:TN 918

文献标志码:A

文章编号:1000-1646(2020)05-0569-04

收稿日期2019-03-18.

基金项目辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20180550060).

作者简介郑 莉(1979-),女,新疆喀什人,讲师,硕士,主要从事混沌控制等方面的研究.

*本文已于2020-09-11 10∶44在中国知网优先数字出版.网络出版地址:http:∥kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/21.1189.T.20200909.2048.033.html

doi:10.7688/j.issn.1000-1646.2020.05.17

(责任编辑:钟 媛 英文审校:尹淑英)