In order to analyze the effect of the weak rigidity airbearing guide on the dynamic measurement error of coordinate measuring machine （CMM）, the transmission path, influencing factor and representing form of the dynamic measurement error generated by the airbearing guide weak rigidity and singleside drive were systematically researched based on mechanical kinetics. The theoretical calculation formula for the amplitude of airbearing guide vibration deformation caused by singleside drive was deduced. The analysis result reveals that the main stimulation of vibration is the force couple produced by driving force and apparent force, and the vibration amplitude is related to the fluctuation in driving acceleration. The theoretical analysis result is verified through adopting the spectral analytical method to process the experimental data. The dynamic measurement error caused by airbearing guide vibration is a main constituent of CMM error. Various errors show the higher correlation, and the CMM has the optimal measuring speed.

The blind source separation algorithm was proposed based on backpropagation learning rule for the nonlinear system with intense dynamic characteristics. The nonGauss function of output signals was taken as the independent measurement between different signals. When both mixing path and original signals were unknown, the network was trained by the maximized output entropy to guarantee the mutual independence of output signals and the approximation to the expected cumulative probability function. The effect of rotating speed on the signal separation was analyzed on the test bench. It is noted that the aerodynamic noise is the summation of acoustic radiation at the same time and the convolution mixing model is not suitable to the noise diagnosis of the blower. It is relatively reliable to extract the fault signal characteristics in low frequency region for the high speed rotating equipment.

For the nonuniform distibution of thermal field on the surface of electric heating plate in the mould heating system of injection machine, the fast optimization algorithm of thermal field was put forward to optimize the power distribution of heat pipe in the electric heating plate through combining the linear thermal conduction superposition principle. According to the mathematical definition of linear thermal conduction and combining the fundamental nature of linear system, the linear thermal conduction superposition principle was obtained, and the fast optimization algorithm of linear thermal conduction thermal field was given. Through analyzing the sensitivity response of the single heat pipe to the thermal field of electric heating plate, the temperature error of the pipe was obtained. Based on above analysis and combined with the optimization algorithm, the power distribution of the pipe was calculated using Matlab software. The thermal field of electric heating plate, optimized by finite element simulation, accords with the industrystandard. For the optimized thermal field of electric heating plate, the experimental results 〖JP2〗match with the numerical simulation results, which verifies the feasibility of the present optimization method.

For the concurrent execution of various tasks as well as the rigorous timing and precedence constraint of task in flight simulation system, the realtime scheduling problem of the mixed task set was studied. Through establishing the mixed task set scheduling model, the realtime scheduling of flight simulation system was described as a restricted searching for optimal path in state space. Based on the design of heuristic evaluation function, the heuristic search strategy was used to search the vertex with the minimum function value among the constraintmatching vertexes. Through extending the vertexes, the feasible scheduling with minimum time delay was ultimately obtained. The mixed task set realtime scheduling framework for flight simulation system was established to testify the realtime scheduling algorithm. The results show that the algorithm effectively resolves the integrated scheduling problem of various tasks in flight simulation system, and satisfies the consistency requirement of flight simulation system to response time at lower time expenditure.

卡车驾驶室悬置支架是重要的连接构件之一，为了在产品设计阶段寻求最佳设计方案，利用通用有限元分析和优化软件Hyperworks7.0，以柔度为目标，以体积作为约束条件，结合零件的结构、约束、受力等特点，对驾驶室悬置支架进行了有限元分析和结构拓扑优化，并在优化基础上进行了二次设计.与传统设计支架相比，优化设计支架最大应力减小50.6%，质量减少14.6%.基于有限元法的结构分析和拓扑优化，能在产品开发阶段主动寻求最优方案，对提高产品质量、缩短设计周期有重要作用.

国产绘图软件CAXA三维电子图板V2主要包含零件设计、装配设计和工程图三大模块，并按零件实体造型、部件装配、工程图输出的步骤进行机械产品设计.通过对减速器部件设计发现，软件在处理典型零部件实体造型设计中具有简捷、实用等特点，找出一些实用简便的建模方法和技巧，指出一些亟待解决的问题，如子装配体的剖切图、爆炸图处理缺陷问题，三维立体图与二维工程图相脱节问题等.

为了减少车辆控制系统的研发成本,近年来虚拟仿真技术在车辆控制系统的开发研究中得到了广泛的应用.以某皮卡车为研究对象,运用ADAMS/view软件建立了包括前后悬架、轮胎、车身、转向系和人-椅系统等在内的整车多刚体动力学模型,并对建模中的若干关键问题进行了详细的论述.利用ADAMS/view中的控制工具箱设计了基于PID控制策略的主动悬架控制系统,对其进行闭环系统仿真,通过不断修正控制参数直至得到满意的控制效果.将采用主动悬架系统得到的仿真结果与采用被动悬架系统得到的仿真结果进行了性能对比,结果表明，主动悬架系统有效地改善了车辆的行驶性能.

阐述了氮气弹簧的基本含义及在国内外发展情况；介绍了氮气弹簧的工作原理和关于制造氮气弹簧的关键技术；重点叙述了氮气弹簧应用在汽车冲压模具中具有的优势和沈阳华晨金杯汽车有限公司在加工汽车车身使用氮气弹簧方面取得的良好效果.最后得出了氮气弹簧这一新技术必然有广阔的发展前景的结论.

摩擦换向抽油机是一种机电一体化的高效节能产品，摆线针轮减速器作为重要的机械传动部件具有体积小、重量轻、传动效率高的特点，其运行的稳定性将直接影响抽油机的使用寿命.针对该种减速器，利用UG软件建立了摆线针轮的三维几何模型，着重应用有限元方法对其齿廓应力进行了理论分析，并以实件为例求取摆线针轮所受的最大转矩和压力，为减速器的进一步设计提供可资参考的理论依据.

产品语意学是研究人造物体的形态在使用环境中的象征特性，并且将其中知识应用于工业设计上的一门新学科，它在提高人机沟通效率、提高产品品质、提供更好的服务上发挥着作用.在探讨产品语意适用范围的基础上，提出了产品语意学的两个重要特性，并阐述了其在设计中的作用，得出：充分利用语意学的特性，把语意学的象征性与指示性两大要素融入到产品设计中，从而实现语意学的“产品识别”和“产品传播”两大特征，使产品能够传达足够的信息，准确地表达内容和形式之间的有机联系.

在使用盘铣刀铣削螺杆时(采用无瞬心包络方法)，由于盘铣刀空间结构的特殊性以及螺杆空间曲面的复杂性，加工时容易发生盘铣刀的侧刃，将已经加工好的螺杆曲面再切削而发生干涉现象.为了避免实际加工中干涉带来的不必要经济损失，在使用盘铣刀的数控加工自动编程系统开发研究中，干涉的判定是非常重要的工作，它可以在工件加工前利用计算机先检验工件加工过程中是否会发生干涉现象而取消试切.在大量实践的基础上，提出了使用盘铣刀铣削螺杆数控加工的几种有效的干涉判定方法，这些方法既可以定性地判定是否发生了干涉，也可以判定具体在哪个位置发生了干涉，定量地计算出干涉量的大小，经实际验证这些方法是非常有效的.

结合一个液压试验台的设计实例，介绍了PLC控制器的触点的合理配置问题.该试验台采用PLC作为实时控制器与计算机通讯，根据试验操作的要求对试验系统进行实时控制，并根据实际需要由PLC完成各实验数据的采集及相关的液压元件和电器元件的控制.详细讲解了基于此项设计的PLC的触点配置的设计方法、高计数器及模拟量扩展单元的使用.对PLC触点进行合理的配置会大大提高操作的设计方法、高计数器及模拟量扩展单位的使用.对PLC触点进行合理的配置会大大提高操作的方便性，控制的合理性.PLC联合计算机对试验系统进行控制，可以很方便地实现试验过程的自动化.

提出了广义零件的概念，并以某类广义零件(电子产品的壳体类零件)的设计为任务，应用现代设计方法的基本思想，对其设计中的Bottom-up与Top-down设计方法进行比较，总结两者的优缺点，提出了针对广义零件设计行之有效的流程方案，即基于单元特征构建及整体装配的零件设计方法.该设计方法支持并行工程及协同设计，易于数字化实现，并以某广义零件为例，通过通用3D设计软件，使该设计方法在计算机上得以实现.

In order to solve the time-varying problem of meshing stiffness in gear dynamics simulation, a spur gear assembly model was established via the involute parametric equation using the 3D modeling software Solidworks, the model was imported into the transient dynamics module of ANSYS workbench, and the comprehensive meshing stiffness was obtained with the quasi-static method. The gear dynamics simulation was conducted with the consideration for gear inertia effect and tooth friction. The results show that the comprehensive meshing stiffness in the actual situation is asynchronous with that computed in terms of theoretical contact ratio. When the gear teeth enter into or exit from the double teeth meshing, the gear vibration is intensified. The impact force occurs when the gear teeth meshing alternates with each other, and the vibration of single teeth meshing is more intensified than that of double teeth meshing.

通过对圆筒动铁式直线振荡电机工作原理的研究，进一步讨论了其应用在工业标记打印机上的可行性，并且和常规标记方法进行了比较.对现有气动标记打印机的运动速度和加速度进行分析，分析了圆筒形直线振荡电机在工业用标记打印机上的应用思路、结构设计方案，并且根据直线电机的特性提出了其控制方案，作为实际设计和生产的参考.

研究了铣削加工过程的刀具靡损在线监控系统，以80 C 196 KC为主控芯片，配以ROM、RAM扩展I/O接口、LCD液晶显示和键盘等构成该系统，利用RS 232接口实现了与上位PC机的串行通讯.讨论了实现A/D转换的PTS具体操作，包括采样时间的设定、采样通道的选择及相应的中断请求等；设计了监控系统的软件，介绍了有关子模块的功能. 

润滑油极压抗磨添加剂是润滑油的重要组成部分，随着润滑油极压抗磨添加剂的发展，润滑油的质量得到大幅度提高或改善.简要地概括了润滑油极压抗磨添加剂的发展现状和研究动态，对各种润滑油极压抗磨添加剂进行了比较和总结，并对其作用机理进行了分析和归纳.特别强调指出：常规的含硫、磷和氯添加剂在很长一段时间内仍是润滑油极压抗磨剂的主流，其复配研究和作用机理分析仍是润滑油添加剂研究的热点.并认为多功能化合物、纳米添加剂和新型环保型极压抗磨添加剂将是未来添加剂的发展方向.

In order to cope with the problems of long assembly cycle, order diversification and difficulty in meeting customer needs for the multi-model and multi-batch mixed-flow assembly line of car seats, an order sorting optimization model was established for the minimum makespan and waiting time of products, and an improved fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm based on circular crowded sorting was designed to solve the problem. Taking a mixed-flow assembly line of an enterprise as an example, a variety of algorithms were used to compare and analyze the order sorting schemes before and after optimization, and the feasibility of as-proposed model and related algorithm was verified. Finally, Plant Simulation was used to verify the practicability of the as-proposed order sorting optimization model and related algorithm. The simulation results show that the as-proposed model and algorithm can effectively shorten the assembly cycle and improve the utilization rate of assembly line resources.

Aiming at the failure problem that circulating holes cannot be opened or closed in the actual cementing process of stage cementing collar, in terms of the actual cementing data of an oil well, a complete 3D finite element model based on thermal-fluid-structure coupling analysis theory and CFD numerical simulation method was built from the wellhead to the location of stage cementing collar. The pressure and temperature generated by different fluids at various well depths were obtained by using fluid calculation software. The pressure and temperature obtained from the fluid domain were transferred to the solid domain for the deformation analysis of stage cementing collar. The results show that the pressures produced by different fluid injection during the cementing process are varying and have greater influence on the deformation of stage cementing collar, and the deformation of main body and sliding sleeve is the main reason for the problem that the circulation holes cannot be opened or closed normally.

Aiming at the problem that the traditional passive suspension system cannot maintain good riding comfort under complex working conditions, a robust controller of electromagnetic active suspension was designed. The dynamic model of 7-DOF electromagnetic active suspension for whole vehicle was established, the robust control theory was used to weight the controlled output and input, and the H_∞robust controller was designed. The electromagnetic active suspension system was simulated and analyzed under the conditions of random road surface at the speed of 30 km/h and 60 km/h, as well as the sinusoidal pulse road surface at the speed of 20 km/h and 45 km/h, respectively. The results show that the main performance indexes of electromagnetic active suspension with robust control get improved compared with those of passive suspension. Under the random road surface, the vertical acceleration of vehicle body is improved by 28.03％, indicating that the designed robust controller is reasonable. The electromagnetic active suspension with robust control can effectively improve the riding comfort of the vehicle.

Aiming at the problem that conventional passive suspensions cannot utilize the energy of vibration, a linear motor type energy-harvesting suspension was proposed, and the energy-harvesting characteristics of the suspension were discussed. The quarter-vehicle dynamic model was established, and the suspension parameters influencing energy-harvesting characteristics were derived under sine excitation. Through taking the induction electromotive force as the index and based on the model for the linear motor type energy-harvesting suspension, the suspension parameters were simulated and analyzed with a control variate method. In addition, an experiment was conducted using by a quarter-vehicle suspension experimental platform. The results show that the sprung mass, unsprung mass and spring stiffness are negatively correlated with the induced electromotive force of the linear motor, and the tire stiffness is positively correlated with the induced electromotive force of the linear motor.

Laser directed energy deposition (LDED) technology, as a cutting-edge additive manufacturing technique, has demonstrated significant advantages in the fields of material processing and product manufacturing. This paper reviews the development history, fundamental principles, technical characteristics, and current applications of LDED technology across various industrial sectors. LDED technology can effectively enhance material utilization rates, reduce manufacturing cycles, and enable the direct fabrication of complex components, particularly in industries such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing and healthcare. Through simulation analysis, online monitoring and closed-loop control strategies, LDED technology has further improved the precision of part formation and product quality. With technological maturation and optimization, LDED technology is expected to play a more significant role in reducing costs, enhancing performance, and promoting the green transformation of manufacturing industry.

In order to understand the wake characteristics of a small wind turbine and realize its fast simulation, a small horizontal-axis wind turbine with four blades was selected as the object. Large eddy simulation (LES) was adopted to investigate the spacial-temporal distribution characteristics of its wake. Meanwhile, a fast simulation method based on the actuator disc (AD) model was proposed to simulate the wind turbine wake. The results show that the wake of wind turbine is considerably complicated, and there are many types of vortex structures existing in the wake. A severe velocity deficit and two peak values are also observed for the turbulence intensity profile. Besides, by employing the AD model, the wake velocity deficit of the wind turbine can be accurately calculated to realize the fast simulation of dynamic behavior for wake vortex.

Aiming at the current problems of poor machining quality and low machining efficiency for the processing of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V manufactured by laser-deposition, the cutting force, surface topography, surface roughness and subsurface damage were used as evaluation indexes, the surface layer subjected to end milling was analyzed with the orthogonal test method by setting different milling parameters. The results show that the cutting depth has considerable influence on the cutting force and the surface roughness. At a feed of 0.03 mm per tooth, a cutting speed of 70 mm/min, a cutting depth of 0.9 mm and a cutting width of 0.5 mm, the cutting force and the surface roughness are lower, and the subsurface damage is smaller. At the same time, the particle defects of unmelted powders will appear over the deposited titanium alloy. It is confirmed that the processing parameters have an important impact on the machining of deposited titanium alloy, and the further optimization of machining parameters is still needed.

介绍了液压同步控制系统的重要性，并对液压同步控制系统进行了分类，在简单介绍各种液压同步方案的基础上，较系统地总结了液压同步控制技术，同时还介绍了常用的控制方法及应用领域；针对液压同步控制系统，以模具研配液压机同步系统为例进行分析，分别介绍了各部分同步动作实现，通过具体例子进一步说明液压同步控制系统在工程领域的重要作用；也对液压同步控制系统的应用进行了回顾与展望，并提出实际中存在的问题和未来的发展方向.

分析了AMESim仿真平台的主要特点和功能，并以飞机前起落架液压收放系统为例，应用AMESim建模仿真技术中的AMESim图形化建模方法建立了系统元件的仿真模型，对飞机前起落架收放系统进行了系统仿真，仿真结果比较令人满意，与实验结果基本吻合.在分析了仿真结果的基础上，提出了AMESim的批处理方式优化系统参数的方法，为飞机液压系统设计及分析提供了有价值的参考.

根据低速滚动轴承故障诊断难度较大的特点，提出了利用应力波与小波分析进行低速滚动轴承故障诊断的方法.以低速运转Cooper轴承系列01B65 EX滚子轴承为例，建立了故障轴承的三维整体接触计算模型，运用有限元软件对其进行了分析，计算出外圈故障的最大应力应变及各元件之间的接触应力，将发生故障前后的外圈外表面应力应变和接触应力分布规律进行比较.在应力波实验分析的基础上，选择db6母小波、尺度j=4对实验所采集的故障信号进行小波分解，提取了故障的应力波信号特征频率，对低速滚动轴承故障进行了正确诊断.结果表明，应力波和小波分析是低速机械故障诊断的有效方法.

应用现有的有限元计算程序，对高压转子进行温度场和应力场计算分析.首先利用最小二乘法导出放热系数的计算公式，并用Fortran语言编制了适用计算各种汽轮机转子的放热系数的程序，然后利用有限元软件计算了高压转子在各种工况下的温度场和应力场.最后根据计算和分析结果，对汽轮机机组的安全运行提出了有实际工程意义的建议.并以鞍山第二发电厂一号机组为例进行了验证， 得出利用该程序可以解决其他类似各种转子的温度场和应力场的计算问题.

为了解除踏板车在速度和使用人群上所受到的限制，满足人们使用的需要，基于人机工程学的原理和方法，利用人体自身重力作为动力来源，采用踩踏运动方式，设计出结构简单的健身踏步滑板车.该车传动装置主要由主轴系和联动轴系组成，通过链传动保证一定的工作行程和速度，具有足够的强度和稳定性；采用离合装置使主轴的运动灵活、可靠，避免倒车不畅的问题.实际应用表明，该车弥补了传统滑板车和踏步机的不足，集健身、休闲、娱乐于一体，且操作方便，安全可靠，寿命长.

Aiming at the problem that the traditional mechanical system cannot complete the driving task in a sealed environment, a non-contact magnetic coupling linear drive device was proposed, and the magnetic force characteristics under different optimization schemes were analysed. The equivalent magnetic circuit method was used to establish the analytical models for the horizontal driving force and the normal interference force, respectively. In addition, the accuracy of theoretical calculation model was verified by finite element transient simulation and experimental measurement. Furthermore, the magnetic characteristics of different optimization schemes were compared and analysed by this analytical model. The results show that the error between the established analytical model and the experimental results is very small. The two-wheel-drive scheme with radial magnetized cylindrical permanent magnets can increase the driving force by nearly two times and eliminate the normal interference force, indicating that the magnetically coupled linear drive device can operate efficiently under certain loading conditions.