Since entering a new stage of development, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation represented by artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, and cloud computing has driven the rapid development of China's digital economy. The digital economy consists of digital industrialization and industrial digitalization. The digitalization of industries constitutes a crucial part of industrial digitalization, and it applies digital technologies to industrial production, management, and services, playing an important role in optimizing resource allocation and improving resource utilization. It involves intelligent manufacturing, digital design, data collection and analysis, supply chain digitalization, cloud and edge computing, virtual reality and augmented reality, cybersecurity, and digital twins. This paper systematically examines the current status and challenges of the digital development of industries, laying the foundation for further leveraging the driving role of the digital economy to promote high-end, intelligent, and green industrial development and to build a modern industrial system. China actively guides, encourages, supports, and ensures the digital development of industries such as intelligent manufacturing and the industrial internet through incentive measures like special projects, industry standards, and demonstration pilots. This paper utilizes the CSMAR (China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database) to analyze the digital development of industries in China. The study finds that the level of intelligent manufacturing has significantly improved, the industrial internet is flourishing, the innovative development of “5G+industrial internet” is accelerating, and the initiative of “providing inclusive cloud services to empower big data application and intellectualized reconstruction” is being promoted. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the digital transformation of Chinese industrial enterprises has shown an accelerating trend, particularly in the eastern regions and the manufacturing sector. Although the digital transformation in the central and western regions and some traditional industries started later, recent years have seen strong growth momentum, indicating potential for catching up. Despite the significant achievements in the digital transformation of industrial enterprises in China, challenges remain, including the imperative need for breakthroughs in key technology areas, the necessity to enhance the digitalization level of industries, regional development imbalances, and a shortage of high-end talent. Thus, to promote high-quality development of the real economy and facilitate the digital and intelligent development of industries, it is essential not only to accelerate the digital and intelligent transformation of traditional industries but also to innovate and develop core industries of the digital economy, cultivate emerging and future industries, optimize the development environment for industrial digital intelligence, strengthen digital security guarantees, and vigorously cultivate specialized digital talents.

Promoting the deep transformation and upgrading of traditional industries is an important part of the high-quality development of China's economy and society in the new period, and it is a major event concerning the building of China's modern industrial system. In the context of major changes unseen in a century in the world, the development of traditional industries is facing new opportunities and challenges. This paper aims to re-examine and explore the paths and countermeasures for the deep transformation and upgrading of China's traditional industries. This paper conducts a retrospective statistical analysis of the changing status of traditional industries in China's national economy, based on available data from three key dimensions:main business revenue, total profit, and number of employees. It aims to reveal the current development status of traditional industries in China, identify existing challenges through on-site investigations and literature reviews, outline the primary development paths for traditional industries in the new period and new stage, and finally provide corresponding policy recommendations. During the study period, traditional industries, predominantly labor-intensive and capital-intensive sectors, exhibit moderate profitability with slowing growth. Key indicators such as their share of GDP and contribution to economic growth show a declining trend. Nevertheless, traditional industries continue to play a crucial role in China's national economy, accounting for about 50％—60％ of the manufacturing sector in terms of scale, revenue, and employment, thereby providing essential support for national economic development. The conclusions drawn from this paper are as follows:traditional industries, as the pillar and basic components of China's national economy, are the main driver of China's economic growth, the main arena for solving the employment problem, and an important foothold for developing New Quality Productive Forces and promoting high-quality economic growth. Advancing the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries is not only of significant importance but also imperative. In the areas of application of innovation, digital and intelligent transformation, green development, industrial transfer, and talent cultivation, mindset should be shifted and innovation should be implemented in institutions, organizations, and mechanisms, so as to provide enhanced policy support, foster a more conducive environment, and offer stronger backing for the deep transformation, upgrading, and high-quality development of traditional industries.

Whole-process people′s democracy is the defining feature of socialist democracy, and it is democracy in its broadest, most genuine, and most effective form. Nowadays, Western democracy has deviated from the essence of democracy and is a “money democracy” characterized by capitalization. Whole-process people′s democracy has always applied a people-centered philosophy. This is not only a deepening understanding of the internal political development laws of democracy but also a powerful counterattack against some Western countries that attempt to criticize and contain China under the guise of “democracy”. Whole-process people′s democracy is an important achievement in the development of democracy and the political system in China, with its own unique “new look”. Therefore, on the journey of the new era, we should further emphasize the unique advantages of whole-process people′s democracy and highlight the “new” in democratic practice. This paper attempts to comprehensively explore the innovative development of whole-process people′s democracy through comparative analysis, which can provide a deeper understanding of the essence of democracy and provide theoretical references for exploring the path direction of promoting whole-process people′s democracy in the future. Research has found that whole-process people′s democracy emphasizes drawing wisdom and nutrients from fine traditional Chinese culture, with roots, sources, and inheritance. It is a crystallization of experience extracted from the combination of China′s traditional political wisdom and the latest democratic practices. On the one hand, from a vertical comparison perspective, whole-process people′s democracy has achieved the integration of cultural and historical construction. On the other hand, from a horizontal comparison perspective, whole-process people′s democracy has opened up a new path of democracy that is both unique to China and worthy of emulation by other countries. The practice and development of promoting whole-process people′s democracy is a process of development through inheritance and innovation through upholding fundamental principles. Through historical review and analysis, we should explore the practical path of promoting whole-process people′s democracy from four aspects in the new stage. First, we should ensure that whole-process people′s democracy and fine traditional Chinese culture are integrated and mutually beneficial. Second, we should grasp the political “backbone” and implement the leadership of the Party in all aspects of whole-process people′s democracy. Third, we should apply a people-centered philosophy and uphold the values of whole-process people′s democracy. Fourth, we should continue to innovate practical mechanisms and focus on transforming the institutional advantages of whole-process people′s democracy into governance effectiveness. In the new stage, by continuously promoting whole-process people′s democracy, we can continuously improve the socialist democratic system and contribute to the realization of the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Constructing China′s digital trade rules is the key to China′s participation in global digital trade and the driving force to promote coordinated and orderly global digital trade governance. The development process and current situation of China′s digital trade rules are sorted out, and the RCEP, USMCA and DEPA are compared and analyzed from the perspectives of coverage, commitment level, and rule innovation. The main research conclusions are as follows:China′s improvement of digital trade rules should be aimed at constructing and promoting open and inclusive rules as well as improving and upgrading the domestic regulations and existing rules, and drawing on the absorption of the relevant issues of USMCA and USP rules. On the basis of upholding the value of data sovereignty, China should reduce the cost of expanding overseas markets for Chinese digital enterprises by incorporating the USMCA′s provisions on data flow and non-discriminatory treatment of digital products; It should promote the inclusive development of digital trade through the incorporation of DEPA′s provisions on small and medium-sized enterprise co-operation and digital inclusiveness, so as to contribute to the development of the disadvantaged groups and the cause of poverty alleviation globally; And it should guide the digital transformation of domestic industries through the incorporation of DEPA′s provisions on emerging trends and technologies. At the same time, the modularization agreement and non-binding rules should be used to promote the integration of global digital trade regulation, and make China′s contribution to the governance framework of global digital trade rules.

Developing New Quality Productive Forces is an inherent requirement and an important focus for promoting high-quality development in China. It is an important decision and deployment made by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to pursue a strategy of national rejuvenation amid global changes of a magnitude not seen in a century. This paper summarizes the importance of New Quality Productive Forces to the strategy of boosting China's strength in manufacturing, the ways in which New Quality Productive Forces drive new industrialization, the path to achieving new industrialization and high-quality industrial development, and the future direction of high-quality industrial development in China. In order to achieve high-quality industrial development in China, China need to build a new industrialization system through developing New Quality Productive Forces under the guidance of Manufacturing Powerhouse Strategy, and integrate the core requirements of high-quality industrial development throughout the construction process. Firstly, through developing New Quality Productive Forces, industrial transformation should be continuously promoted, and the structure of the manufacturing industry should be optimized; technological innovation should be driven, and the core competitiveness of the manufacturing industry should be enhanced; the green economy should be promoted, and the quality of development should be improved, thereby empowering Manufacturing Powerhouse Strategy. On this basis, through developing New Quality Productive Forces, the resilience of the industrial chain should be enhanced, breakthroughs should be made in some core technologies in key fields to ensure sustained industrial development, industrial clusters and leading enterprises should be cultivated, and the international competitiveness of “Made in China” should be enhanced, so as to promote the construction of China's new industrialization system. At the same time, New Quality Productive Forces can also integrate the requirements of high-quality industrial development into the construction of new industrialization by leading quality, efficiency, and driving force transformation. Among them, quality transformation mainly includes scientific and technological innovation and development mode transformation led by New Quality Productive Forces, efficiency transformation mainly includes industrial transformation and upgrading led by New Quality Productive Forces, and driving force transformation mainly includes system and mechanism innovation and talent training innovation led by New Quality Productive Forces. In the future, driven by the three major transformation paths, China's industrial system will continue to progress towards high-end, digital, service-oriented, green, inclusive, and international directions. This paper analyzes the internal logic and practical laws of promoting high-quality industrial development in China through New Quality Productive Forces, and provide references for China to further perfect relevant policies in the future.

Industrial green development represents a concrete practice prominent embodiment of the concept of green development in the industrial field, is an inevitable choice to address the ecological and environmental challenges posed by the rapid industrialization of large countries. From the theoretical perspective, the green transformation of industrial enterprises is mainly affected by the market mechanism, government regulation and opening up. The market mainly exerts an impact on the green transformation of enterprises through signal mechanisms such as the price or environmental preferences of market players. Government regulation, on the one hand, will increase the cost of enterprises complying with environmental protection regulations, and on the other hand, it may also promote technological innovation of enterprises to realize green transformation while improving their own competitiveness. Opening up to the outside world may enable enterprises to transfer the burden of environmental protection or improve the availability of green and low-carbon technologies, and then have a dual impact on their green transformation. From the practical level, since the 1970s, China's industrial green transformation has generally gone through four stages:end-of-pipe treatment of industrial pollution, equal emphasis on industrial pollution prevention and control, the launch of new industrialization and high-quality industrial development, and has made outstanding achievements. At the present stage, the country still faces challenges in eliminating the structural obstacles of industrial green development in the short term, the increasing pressure of energy conservation and carbon reduction in the industrial sector, and the overall weak capacity of green manufacturing and services. On the new journey of the new era, accelerating industrial green development requires promoting stock reform through incremental development, further leveraging the positive role of the carbon market in facilitating energy conservation and carbon reduction, and better utilizing fiscal, tax, and financial policies to optimize structure, promote R&D, and support transformation. Furthermore, it necessitates accelerating technological application and innovation and enhancing the technological impetus for industrial green transformation through digital-green integration.

With the popularization of the mobile Internet,the short video industry has experienced rapid growth.In particular,short videos represented by short movie narration videos have sparked controversies over fair use in secondary creation.This paper investigates controversies over fair use in secondary creation of short videos and its governance strategy,aiming to promote the healthy development of secondary creation of short videos while strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights.This paper takes short movie narration videos as the research object,conducts a systematic analysis from four dimensions of jurisprudence foundation,support basis,controversial focus,and governance suggestions,and explores the definition standard of fair use in secondary creation of short videos and its problems in practical application by reviewing relevant laws and regulations worldwide and incorporating case studies in judicial practice.Although the originality of the text,picture,and style of short movie narration videos supports its fair use,these elements are also susceptible to realistic disputes about overuse,commercial interests,and market damages.The fair use in secondary creation of short videos is a complex issue involving multiple dimensions such as law,economy,and society.Constructing a sound copyright authorization system,optimizing platform operation and management,and improving the legal system to support judicial protection of legitimate rights and interests can effectively resolve disputes over fair use in secondary creation of short videos and promote the healthy development of the short video industry.This paper innovatively takes short movie narration videos as the research object,systematically analyzes their fair use in secondary creation,and proposes specific governance strategies.This paper not only enriches the theoretical research on short video copyright protection but also provides valuable references for practical applications.

The history of the development of world civilization proves that integration and progress have always been the main theme of human civilization exchanges, and human civilization can collide and integrate and coexist in harmony on the basis of respect and understanding. Intercultural dialogue is also an inevitable requirement for human history to enter the era of globalization, which is not only an important condition for the coexistence of various peoples' cultures and traditions, but also the best choice to solve the major problems facing mankind. This paper attempts to propose possible solutions to the dilemma of intercultural dialogue with the theme of the Global Civilization Initiative. This paper first fully excavates the blockages of intercultural dialogue from the pluralistic perspective inherent in the Global Civilization Initiative:the historical stubbornness of Western-centrism, the ideological barrier of “universal values”, the self-obscuration under Westernization, and the contrarianism of unilateralism. Secondly, it explains the core essence of the Global Civilization Initiative:respecting the diversity of world civilizations, which is the basic principle that should be followed in intercultural dialogue; Understanding the common values of all mankind provides a value foundation and value principles for the development of world civilization; Promote the inheritance and innovation of excellent traditional culture, and provide general principles and guidelines for the development of different civilizations themselves; Expanding international people-to-people exchanges and cooperation has pointed out the direction of development and depicted the path of progress for the development and progress of human civilization. Finally, four new concepts jointly advocated to address the dilemmas of intercultural dialogue:adhere to the principles of equality, mutual learning, dialogue and inclusiveness to safeguard the diversity of human civilization and break the dilemma of unbalanced dialogue; Adhere to the common values of all mankind to understand the cognition of different civilizations on the connotation of values, and solve the dilemma of dialogue failure; insist on promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional excellent culture through inheritance and innovation, and solve the dilemma of dialogue aphasia; We will persist in promoting mutual understanding and mutual understanding among people of all countries through international people-to-people exchanges and cooperation, and break the dilemma of dialogue failure. The implementation of the Global Civilization Initiative can promote civilizations to treat each other as equals in the development of multipolarization, adhere to mutual learning among civilizations in the promotion of common values, adhere to comprehensive dialogue in the inheritance and innovation of civilizations, and adhere to harmonious coexistence in exchanges and dialogues, and ultimately promote all civilizations to jointly achieve a pluralistic world of dialogue that all mankind aspires to in the process of diversity, complementarity and co-molding.

The soul of a nation is molded and cast by its culture. Culture, as a reflection of the economy and politics in a specific period, also influences and reacts to the economy and politics. In the report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping first put forward the significant proposition of new cultural mission. In 2023, at the meeting on cultural inheritance and development, he elucidated the essence of new cultural missions, namely that “at a new starting point, we must persist in cultivating a thriving and strong socialist culture as well as a modern Chinese civilization. These represent our new cultural missions in the new era. ” It constitutes a core component of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, offering a clear objective for developing a strong socialist culture. At present, in-depth studies and interpretations of new cultural missions have become a frontier field and a major topic in the academic circle, and many scholars have carried out extensive and profound research and obtained rich theoretical results. Starting from three dimensions of historical evolution, goal guidance, and practical pathways, this paper makes a preliminary discussion on cultural missions in the New Era through literature research and interdisciplinary research. Research has found that the Communist Party of China guides cultural construction with its cultural missions, and has achieved the historical evolution from saving the country through culture, founding the country through culture, rejuvenating the country through culture, to building up the country's strength in culture. On the new journey, Xi Jinping Thought on Culture should be taken as the value guide and the responsibilities of upholding the root of fine traditional Chinese culture, promoting cultural prosperity, extending the reach and appeal of Chinese civilization, and cultivating a strong socialist culture should be shouldered. Cultural missions in the New Era, which involve grasping the prominent characteristics of Chinese civilization and building a modern civilization of the Chinese nation, should be undertaken. The fundamental guidance of strengthening confidence in culture, being open and inclusive, and upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground should be adhered to, to enhance the international influence of Chinese culture. A Modern Chinese Civilization should be built and the prosperity of Chinese culture should be advanced through painstaking efforts to jointly turn China into a country with a strong socialist culture and expand the new forms of human civilization. Carrying forward the historical initiative spirit and grasping the certainty and inevitability of new cultural missions based on historical inevitability can help expound on the dynamic historical development of cultural missions in the New Era, review the generation logic and development trajectory of these missions, and provide theoretical support and driving forces for their rich practical applications from the perspectives of being filled with a stronger sense of history, staying confident in history, and shouldering responsibilities.

This paper explores the connotations, current status, and challenges of inclusive industrial development. In particular, it analyzes the progress and bottlenecks in China's industrial sector in terms of promoting social equity, equal employment opportunities, regional coordinated development, and support for the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and searches for solutions to promote inclusive industrial development, foster social equity, improve the quality of employment, and advance the growth of SMEs. Taking into account the actual situation of China's industrial development, this paper analyze inclusive industrial development in four key areas:industrial employment, wage and compensation, the level of inter-regional industrial development, and the development of private SMEs. The specific methodology is the combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses. From a qualitative perspective, this study explains the significance and value of inclusive industrial development through theoretical connotations. By further integrating relevant data and conducting quantitative analysis, it analyzes the current status and challenges of inclusive industrial development in China and discusses in depth the achievements and problems of employment, wages, regional development, and the growth of private SMEs. Overall, inclusive industrial development has achieved certain results in promoting employment and supporting the development of private SMEs. Specifically, there has been a significant improvement in generating employment opportunities and expanding the developing space of these SMEs. However, inclusive industrial development still faces many challenges in terms of wage and compensation and inter-regional industrial development gaps. In terms of wage levels, despite the improvement in overall industrial income, imbalances in the distribution of income still exist, with wage growth lagging for low-income groups in particular. In terms of inter-regional industrial development, the gaps between the eastern and the western regions, and between cities and villages remain large, resulting in the fruits of economic development not effectively benefiting all people. Further analysis reveals that the deep-rooted difficulties and challenges facing inclusive industrial development are primarily reflected in three areas: the uneven regional industrial development, the difficulty in transforming the industrial structure, and the insufficient innovation capacity of private SMEs. In particular, some traditional industries still rely on low-cost, low-technology production methods, leading to a slow process of industrial upgrading and making it difficult to meet the demand for high-quality development in the New Era. At the same time, private SMEs have made relatively insufficient investments in technological innovation and management upgrading, and their innovation capacity and market competitiveness are weak, which also limits their overall performance in the industrial system. In order to further promote inclusive industrial development, this paper puts forward a series of policy recommendations. Firstly, resource allocation should be optimized to promote high-quality and full employment, and the rational flow and allocation of various types of labor resources should be promoted through a combination of policy guidance and market mechanisms. Secondly, to strengthen regional coordinated development, especially by improving new mechanisms for regional development to promote industrial development in the western regions and small and medium-sized cities, and to narrow the regional gap. Lastly, to enhance technological innovation capacity, support private SMEs increase their investment in research and development and scientific and technological innovation, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure to achieve inclusive industrial development.

Against the backdrop of pursuing a strategy of national rejuvenation amid profound changes unseen in a century, promoting the construction of a modern industrial system through the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation is not only a proactive choice to respond to the global technological revolution but also a crucial measure to achieve high-quality economic development in China. The deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation empowers the construction of a modern industrial system through three pathways:first, addressing gaps in the industrial technology system and deficiencies in the industrial structure system, consolidating the integrity of the industrial system; second, promoting the intelligent, green, and integrated development of industries, enhancing the advancement of the industrial system; and third, improving the level of independent control and risk resistance of industrial and supply chains, ensuring the security of the industrial system. Currently, there are four problems in China's efforts to empower the construction of a modern industrial system through the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation:first, insufficient supply of high。quality innovation factors; second, inadequate prominence of enterprises as innovation entities; third, low efficiency of the industrial system; and fourth, imperfect systems and mechanisms for the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements. Therefore, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of consolidating the foundation of high-level innovation factors, strengthening the dominant position of enterprises in innovation, improving industrial quality and efficiency, and improving the systems and mechanisms for the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements. This paper provides theoretical support and policy insights for driving the construction of a modern industrial system through the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation.

As crucial market entities in the socialist market economy, state-owned enterprises have always been the core force driving China′s high-quality economic development. In the new era, amid profound shifts in the international political landscape and strategic requirements of the domestic goal of common prosperity, redefining the functional positioning of state-owned enterprises not only shapes their reform trajectory but also serves as a crucial proposition for understanding the institutional strengths of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. Based on the extended analytical framework of “Attributes-Strategic Missions-Functions” for state-owned enterprises based on five types of market failures, this paper systematically explains the strategic mission and functional positioning of state-owned enterprises in the new era. From the perspective of making up for market failures, the traditional market failure theory mainly focuses on three types of issues: first, issues universal in market economies such as monopolies, externalities, and public goods shortages; second, the trap of comparative advantage in developing economies formed due to path dependence; third, imperfect market institutions and administrative barriers peculiar to transitional economies. With the development of the times, the scope of market failure has been further extended to two new types of challenges: fourth, disruptions to the international division of labor under the influence of international politics in the trend of anti-globalization, and fifth, market mechanisms′ inadequacy in achieving common prosperity. This paper argues that the strategic mission and functional positioning of state-owned enterprises are rooted in the coordinated practice of their triple attributes: the economic attribute, with efficiency improvement and strategic breakthrough as the core, can make up for the traditional three types of market failures and drive high-quality economic development; the political attribute, which carries the mission of ensuring national security and enhancing global competitiveness, can make up for the fourth type of market failure and cope with the challenges of anti-globalization; the social attribute, which aims to promote fairness and sharing, can make up for the fifth type of market failures and strive to achieve common prosperity. State-owned enterprises are not only key actors in addressing market failures but also the pioneers of national strategies. The coordinated practice of their three attributes is not only a unique advantage of China′s economic system but also a vivid illustration of “an efficient market+an effective government” in the changing situation of global governance. The Inclusive Green Development Survey finds that the realization of the functions of state-owned enterprises in addressing the five types of market failures has been highly recognized by society.

In response to the problems in the central region, such as the slow optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure and the challenges in the transformation between old and new drivers of growth, this paper explores effective paths to promote high-quality industrial development in the central region, providing references for its undertaking of industrial transfer and promotion of industrial upgrading. This paper deeply analyzes the endowment conditions for high-quality industrial development in the central region from multiple aspects, including geographical location conditions, the potential of characteristic advantageous industries, market scale, and scientific and technological innovation capabilities. It comprehensively summarizes and sorts out the comprehensive achievements in aspects such as the competitiveness of characteristic agriculture, resource processing industries, traditional advantageous light industrial clusters, strategic emerging industries, agglomeration of key industries, and modern service industries. It meticulously analyzes the structural challenges in aspects such as the division of labor and cooperation among regions, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, the development momentum of emerging industries, the opening up of industries to the outside world, and the vitality of the private economy. This paper finds that the central region has certain development endowments and has achieved certain comprehensive achievements in multiple fields such as characteristic agriculture and resource processing industries. However, it also faces many problems, such as poor division of labor and cooperation among regions, difficulties in the upgrading of traditional industries, insufficient momentum for emerging industries, a low level of opening up of industries to the outside world, and the need to unleash the vitality of the private economy. Based on this, a series of countermeasures are proposed, including guiding the optimization of the regional industrial layout, clarifying the industrial positioning of each region, and promoting coordinated development; improving the support for industrial transformation and upgrading and increasing support for technological transformation of traditional industries; optimizing the growth ecology of New Quality Productive Forces and cultivating the development momentum of emerging industries; innovating the institutional mechanisms for the open development of industries and improving the level of opening up of industries to the outside world; strengthening the supply of policy, system and service for the private economy and stimulating the vitality of the private economy, in order to promote the high-quality industrial development in the central region. These countermeasures can provide policy-making references for the central region to undertake industrial transfer and promote industrial upgrading.

The low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) policies are the important content of the national low-carbon strategy, which is of great significance in upgrading industrial structure and realizing high-quality economic development. Based on the panel data of 278 cities at the prefecture level and above in China from 2007 to 2019, and taking the three batches of LCCP projects implemented since 2010 as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper adopts the methods of staggered difference-in-differences (DID), event study, synthetic DID, and generalized synthetic estimation to assess the impacts of LCCP policies on green total factor productivity (GTFP) of Chinese cities and its underlying mechanisms. Specifically, technological innovation, industrial structure upgrading and rationalization, and industrial agglomeration are selected as the intermediate mechanism variables, while factors such as factor allocation, financial development, financial efficiency, informatization, marketization, and environmental regulation are controlled. The results reveal that the LCCP policies can enhance the level of urban GTFP, but this impact is significantly heterogeneous across regions. Further analysis finds that industrial structure upgrading acts as a mediator in the LCCP policies; technological innovation and industrial agglomeration serve as moderators with promoting effects; and industrial structure rationalization functions as a moderator with inhibiting effects. Dynamic effect analysis shows that the average treatment effect after the implementation of LCCP policies is positive and statistically significant, indicating that the LCCP policies exhibit a certain lag, and the treatment effect gradually increases over time. This paper aims to provide empirical support for evaluating the implementation effect of LCCP policies and continuously advancing the national low-carbon strategy while providing useful references for promoting high-quality economic development and realizing the “dual-carbon” goals as soon as possible.

China has entered the service economy era, characterized by the “two 50%” phenomenon in its industrial structure:the value added of the service sector accounts for 50% of GDP, and the value added of the producer service sector constitutes 50% of the total value added of the service sector. In contrast, the two proportions in developed countries generally exceed 70%, reflecting the “two 70%” phenomenon. On the new journey of the New Era, the continuous rise of the service sector′s share in China is a prevailing trend. To maintain economic growth efficiency and enhance international competitiveness in conjunction with this rise, it is crucial to avoid premature deindustrialization and preserve the supporting role of the manufacturing sector in building a modern industrial system. The solution lies in increasing the proportion of producer services within the service sector and promoting the integrated development of manufacturing industry and producer services, thereby advancing the path of servitization of manufacturing industry and synergistically promoting the strategy of building up China′s strength in manufacturing and the construction of a powerful country in service industry. This paper further employs China′s input-output data and the complete consumption coefficient to measure the level of servitization of manufacturing industry and the degree of integration of manufacturing industry and producer services, analyzing the overall characteristics of this integration and the specific traits of various sub-industries. The findings reveal clear trends towards the servitization of manufacturing industry and the integration of manufacturing industry and producer services, although the integration level requires further enhancement. Notably, there exists heterogeneity in the levels of integration between different factor-intensive manufacturing sectors and producer services. From the macro, meso, and micro levels, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions to promote the integration of China′s manufacturing industry and producer services. At the macro level, it is essential to optimize the integrated development environment by strengthening resource provision. At the meso level, industries should adopt differentiated integration paths tailored to their specific characteristics. At the micro level, enterprises should accelerate digital transformation to empower new models of integration. This study aims to provide policy-making references for facilitating the integration of China′s manufacturing industry and producer services, thereby supporting high-quality economic development and advancing toward a higher level of modernization.

In the context of the rapid development of digital service trade, China continues to deepen its cooperation with countries around the world, while Japan is one of China′s major markets. For this reason, it is necessary to assess the potential Sino-Japanese digital trade and identify its influencing factors in order to provide countermeasures and suggestions to promote it. The stochastic frontier gravity model and data between 2013—2022 are used, the 17 major common trade partners of digital service of China and Japan are referenced, and the potential and influencing factors are measured for the Sino-Japanese digital trade in term of total trade and export trade. It is found that China and Japan have great development potential and improvement space in digital service trade, there is greater room for efficiency improvement on China′s digital trade exporting to Japan. The Chinese government can further improve trade efficiency, exploit and release digital trade potential of both sides by improving digital infrastructure construction, strengthening intellectual property protection, enhancing openness, seeking consensus on digital trade, as well as improving government efficiency, etc.

The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that momentous changes of a like not seen in a century are accelerating across the world, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is well under way, and a significant shift is taking place in the international balance of power. The advent of the digital intelligence era has given rise to the rapid growth of digital technologies, such as big data and artificial intelligence, and a transformation in the form of digital civilization. Global factors and technological resources are accelerating their reconfiguration. Moreover, global digital governance is confronted with multiple modern risks and challenges, including digital barriers, digital divides, disorderly rules, and unilateral governance, which impede the progress of human society towards a new form of global digital and intelligent civilization. This paper starts from a holistic perspective, analyzes the necessity of building a digital community of shared future with the common values of all mankind, explores the difficulties that may arise in this process and their causes, and proposes a practical approach to building a digital community of shared future with the common values of all mankind. The digital community of shared future is a global-oriented digital governance solution that embodies Chinese wisdom and is a concrete practice of the community with a shared future for mankindin the new era in the field of digital governance. Building a digital community of shared future is conducive to integrating global advantageous digital resources, enhancing global digital governance efficiency, and promoting the deep development of the community with a shared future for mankind. The difficulty in addressing the risks and challenges of global digital governance and building a digital community of shared future lies in the fact that there are differences in digital governance goals among countries, which stem from differences in value recognition or trust deficits among countries. Thus, finding the “greatest common divisor of value” has become the value basis for building a digital community of shared future. From the perspective of a digital community with a shared future, the deep logic of the concept of civilization and the digital concept coincide with each other. The common values of all mankind are an original value judgment, which is based on Marx's historical materialism and the development situation of China and the world. This new type of value concept can transcend specific political boundaries and provide scientific value guidance for a pluralistic digital civilization. The common values of all mankind can maximize the empowerment of global digital governance practices at the value level. An extensive value recognition can be formed through strengthening political dialogue and cultural exchanges; the dominance of global digital governance rules can be established by unifying global data security standards and establishing global digital governance norms; by creating a global digital cooperation platform and strengthening the construction of global information infrastructure, win-win cooperation among multiple entities can be achieved, which contributes to the construction of a new pattern of global digital development.

The virtual space created by super platforms extends the boundaries of the physical space and triggers power and right games in the new space. To reveal the principles of such phenomena and address their potential crises, this paper, by employing theoretical interpretation, legal interpretation, and legal comparison, explains the generative logic of super platform power and reveals its real risks. The research reveals that super platforms wield power based on their dominant position and contract transfers of user rights, thereby establishing a stable order within the virtual space. Due to the consideration of encouraging the development of new things and difficulties in government governance, the government power presents the characteristics of governance of mollification, and super-platform Leviathan is thus formed. The risk of super-platform Leviathan is that self-serving super-platform authority could undermine user rights. This is particularly evident in quasi-legislative, quasi-administrative, and quasi-judicial powers of super platforms, which pose risks to user rights. The research believes that government power should be introduced into the virtual space, and super-platform Leviathan should be regulated by government power, so that the super platform power can be fully placed under the actual control of government power, and the quasi-legislative, quasi-administrative, and quasi-judicial powers of super platforms can be purified under the premise of maintaining the development vitality of super platforms. In the understanding of the research object, this paper innovatively explains the nature of super-platform Leviathan and its formation mechanism. In terms of solutions, it introduces a novel approach to managing super-platform power through principles of regulation and strategies for purification. Through the discussion of super-platform Leviathan, this paper will help to adjust the triad structure relationship of “government power-super platform power-user rights” within the virtual space created by super platforms and improve the governance of super platforms.

Data elements have become the top priority of the long-term and stable development of the global economy. Clarifying the theoretical logic of the value release of data elements and better unlocking the potential of data elements is the focus of the digital age. This paper, following the evolution logic of “data-data assets-data elementization-data elements valued process”, clarifies the concept of data elements valued process and its formation basis and demonstrates the realization mechanism of data value from the perspective of political economy, aiming to promote the efficient unification of data elementization form, paths of valued process, and operation mechanism and explore the paths of data elements valued process from the perspectives of Marx′s labor theory of value, Marx′s exchange theory, Marx′s future social theory, Xi Jinping′s Economic Thought, Xi Jinping′s Discourses on a Holistic Approach to National Security, and Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization. The intelligence and automation enabled by data elementization have replaced the simple labor of human beings, reducing the exchange costs and exchange time, supporting human beings to shift toward high value-added and abstract complex labor, and thus increasing both use value and exchange value. The expansion of data scale promotes the transformation of the “public ownership of the means of production” from imagination to reality. The integration of the virtual data space and real industries can drive the rapid formation of the industrial ecological “community”. Data security addresses the borderless and decentralized characteristics of digital technology. Data governance offers new ways for the public to engage in monitoring, make selective purchases, and organize environmental protection activities. In order to further release the value of data elements, China should break the pattern of “constructing data centers without effective utilization”, accelerate the scene-based application of data labor in different fields, improve the standard system of data resource collection, management, application, and security, and create a data-driven industrial ecology.

How to truly meet the needs of China in the New Era by developing New Quality Productive Forces lies in adhering to Chinese characteristics. The key to Chinese characteristics lies in the “Two Integrations”. Basic principles of Marxism, fine traditional Chinese culture, and China′s specific reality are the theoretical core of the “Two Integrations”. The development of New Quality Productive Forces in the “Two Integrations” means that China′s development of New Quality Productive Forces is carried out under the guidance of Marxism, nurtured over 5000 years of fine traditional Chinese culture, and promoted according to local conditions in the specific changes in China′s reality. Under the guidance of Marxism, the development of New Quality Productive Forces must adhere to the scientific, people-oriented, practical, and open nature of Marxism; to develop New Quality Productive Forces in the cultivation of fine traditional Chinese culture, the country must continue the outstanding continuity, innovation, unity, inclusiveness, and peace of Chinese civilization; in the specific practice of developing New Quality Productive Forces according to local conditions in China, the Party must closely follow China′s new opportunities, changes, and requirements in the New Era. The “Two Integrations” is the theoretical basis for developing New Quality Productive Forces. Only based on the “Two Integrations”, can the development of New Quality Productive Forces truly meet the needs of China in the New Era, and better promote high-quality development.

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made significant arrangements to create a first-class business environment characterized by market orientation, rule of law, and internationalization. The business environment has thus become a subject of intense academic and industrial focus through both theoretical and practical explorations. What kind of business environment is beneficial to improving regional innovation capacity has also become a pressing research question. Given that the business environment is a complex ecosystem, this paper adopts a complex systems perspective and uses fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to analyze the complex relationship between the business environment and regional innovation capacity from the perspective of configuration. The results show that a single business environment element is not a necessary condition for high regional innovation capacity, but optimizing the innovation environment universally enhances regional innovation capacity. Three types of business environment configurations can foster high regional innovation capacity: the government-led, human resource-based type driven by finance and innovation, the government and market dual-logic type driven by finance and innovation, and the type driven by the market and innovation, presenting multiple paths for improving regional innovation capacity in China. From the perspective of institutional configuration theory, this paper deeply analyzes the impact of the coupling relationship of multiple elements in the business environment on regional innovation capacity, aiming to reveal the construction path of the business environment that can cultivate high regional innovation capacity, enrich the cognitive framework of the relationship between the business environment and regional innovation capacity in theory, and provide practical references for policymakers.

The resilience and security of industrial chain in China's medical equipment sector have garnered significant attention, particularly in addressing various emergencies. From the perspective of New Quality Productive Forces, this paper first summarizes the current status of the resilience and security of industrial chain in China's medical equipment sector, then systematically reviews policies aimed at enhancing such resilience and security, and finally proposes countermeasures to further strengthen the resilience and accelerate domestic substitution. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has seen continuous growth in the market shares of complete equipment and key components of medical equipment. The market shares of complete equipment in multiple sectors have exceeded 50%, and a majority of key components are now domestically produced. However, some critical components or sub-components, especially high-end, high-reliability, and premium-grade components, still rely on foreign suppliers, posing challenges to the independence and controllability of the entire industrial chain. To enhance the resilience and security of industrial chain in the medical equipment sector from the perspective of New Quality Productive Forces, continuous innovation is essential to achieve full domestic substitution. China has introduced a series of policies and measures to support industrial chain in terms of institutional design, financial investment, and industrial foundation, effectively boosting the development, resistance, recovery, control, and innovation capabilities of the sector. Looking ahead, driven by an innovation-oriented ecosystem and robust policy support, the resilience and security of industrial chain in China's medical equipment sector are expected to further improve. It is recommended that the government leverage its control over the downstream of the industrial chain as a policy tool to integrate and regulate midstream and upstream, foster a moderately competitive industrial structure, launch pilot programs for medical big data, establish unified standards and property rights systems, and actively promote the intelligentization of medical equipment.

The empowerment of the high-quality development of the cultural industry through New Quality Productive Forces is not only an inevitable requirement for strengthening cultural confidence and undertaking the cultural mission of the New Era, but also a important path to building Modern Chinese Civilization. This empowerment mechanism is deeply rooted in the urgent need for the transformation and upgrading of the cultural industry and coincides with the internal logic of the cultural industry's pursuit of high-quality development. Both demonstrate a high degree of compatibility in innovation drive, market demand response, and industrial structure optimization and upgrading. New Quality Productive Forces, as a new driving force for the development of the cultural industry, achieve empowerment through four key mechanisms:firstly, the creativity stimulation mechanism, which leverages advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data to provide endless possibilities for the innovation and diversification of cultural content, accelerating the conversion process from ideation to product; secondly, the industrial integration mechanism, which breaks traditional boundaries and promotes deep integration between culture and various fields such as technology, tourism, and education, forming new modes of cross-sector collaboration and broadening the industrial value chain; thirdly, the resource allocation mechanism, which relies on digital platforms to optimize resource allocation, improve production efficiency, and ensure the most effective utilization of cultural resources; fourthly, the green and low-carbon effect, which advocates environmental protection concepts, promotes the transformation of the cultural industry towards a low-carbon and environmentally friendly direction, and achieves dual improvements in economic and ecological benefits. At the practical level, to effectively empower the high-quality development of the cultural industry through New Quality Productive Forces, six dimensions need to be addressed:firstly, strengthening technology application, encouraging technological innovation, and especially enhancing the application of digital technologies in cultural creation, dissemination, and consumption, to elevate the industry's level of intelligence; secondly, promoting cluster development, constructing cultural industry parks and characteristic industrial clusters to form scale effects and synergies; thirdly, improving financial services, broadening financing channels, providing customized financial services for cultural enterprises, and reducing financing costs; fourthly, enhancing public services, strengthening infrastructure construction, optimizing the business environment, and providing a fertile ground for the development of the cultural industry; fifthly, building a green system, promoting green production methods and consumption patterns, and achieving sustained development of the cultural industry; finally, deepening international cooperation, strengthening cultural exchanges and cooperation, using advanced foreign technologies and management experience for reference, while promoting Chinese culture globally to enhance international influence. Through this series of measures, the optimization and upgrading of the internal structure of the cultural industry can be effectively promoted, the overall competitiveness of industry chain can be enhanced, the cultural innovation vitality can be stimulated, the ever-growing spiritual and cultural needs of the people can be met, and both economic and social benefits can be achieved. More importantly, by empowering the high-quality development of the cultural industry with New Quality Productive Forces, the China's cultural soft power can be further strengthened and the international dissemination and influence of Chinese culture can be enhanced. Therefore, the empowerment of the high-quality development of the cultural industry through New Quality Productive Forces is not only a strategic choice for industrial development, but also an important path for enhancing cultural confidence and international competitiveness.

Blockchain technology is becoming the key force in promoting the development of digital economy, but it also faces the risk of market failure, and it is necessary to intervene by the government and regulate through legal means. The legal regulation of blockchain technology in China has gone through three stages:risk warning under inclusive and prudent measures, blockchain financial risk rectification and blockchain information service supervision, and innovative application pilot projects of blockchain technology. The adjustment of the above legal regulatory strategies reflects the beneficial exploration of balancing blockchain financial innovation, risk prevention and control, and investor rights protection in China. However, there are still shortcomings in the legality and rationality of regulatory policy of “separation of currency and chain”, blockchain financial risk rectification activities, and blockchain information service regulatory measures. China should carry out blockchain innovation application pilot projects at a higher level and on a larger scale, and consider allowing eligible entities to engage in specific virtual currency business activities through pilot projects and other means. It should optimize the concept of “separation of currency and chain” and explore refined supervision of virtual currencies and even the entire public chain business. And it should improve the regulatory framework for soft law governance, vigorously promote the standardization of the blockchain industry, and encourage innovation while controlling risks.

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out that a high-standard socialist market economy provides an important guarantee for Chinese Modernization and building a high-standard socialist market economy should be given more prominence. Building a high-standard socialist market economy is a focal point of further comprehensively deepening reform in economic construction, and it has an important impact and transmission effects on reforms in other aspects of the economic field. Through literature review and comparative research, it is found that the key semantics of building a high-standard socialist market economy lies in the term of “high-standard”, which puts forward upgraded requirements for China′s basic socialist economic systems. Systematically and deeply studying the logical implications, major principles, and key measures of a high-standard socialist market economy is of great theoretical significance, practical significance, and contemporary value for creating a New Pattern of Development, promoting high-quality economic development, responding to the profound changes unseen in a century in the world, demonstrating the advantages of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, and opening up a new frontier in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Understanding and grasping the generative logic of building a high-standard socialist market economy serves as the starting point of the research. Building a high-standard socialist market economy system contains triple logics: historical, theoretical, and practical. From the perspective of historical logic, it is a summary of the experience of China′s economic system reform process. In terms of theoretical logic, it is an innovative inheritance of Marxist theory of production relations. Attributed to practical logic, it is the practical requirement for cultivating and developing New Quality Productive Forces. At a critical period of promoting Chinese Modernization, building a high-standard socialist market economy requires adhering to and applying the world outlook and methodology of Marxism, which is mainly manifested in three aspects: firstly, adhering to self-reliance and self-confidence to demonstrate the superiority of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics; secondly, adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground to solve the world-wide problems in economics; thirdly, adhering to a problem-oriented approach and facing up to the “most urgent matters” in the reform. Based on a rigorous and meticulous logical system and the basic principles that should be followed, combined with the actual situation, to build a high-standard socialist market economy, it is necessary to uphold and fulfill the commitments to the public and non-public sectors to achieve a high level of market entities; consolidate the basic systems of the market economy to achieve a high-level market system; accelerate the development of a unified national market to achieve high-level resource allocation; coordinate an efficient market and an effective government to achieve high-level macro-governance; and promote the formation of a new pattern of all-round opening up to achieve high-level opening up to the outside world.

With the continuous changes in the market environment, the high-end equipment manufacturing industry must enhance quality and efficiency through collaborative innovation. In collaborative innovation activities, evaluating the cooperation performance of various entities is an indispensable part. To accurately evaluate the cooperation performance of collaborative innovation entities in the high-end equipment manufacturing industry, a performance evaluation model based on a combination weighting-cloud model is proposed. Firstly, a performance evaluation index system for the cooperation performance of collaborative innovation entities in the high-end equipment manufacturing industry is constructed from five dimensions:collaborative innovation investment, collaborative innovation process, collaborative innovation output, government support, and regional (industrial) innovation level. Secondly, the subjective weight is calculated using the order relationship analysis method (G1), and the objective weight is calculated using the improved entropy weight method. The subjective and objective weights are then optimized and combined to obtain the final weight of the indicator. Finally, the overall evaluation level is obtained by combining the cloud model evaluation method, and the results are clearly and vividly presented in the cloud map using Matlab software. Taking the collaborative innovation of a high-end equipment manufacturing enterprise as an example, this paper obtains a good final evaluation result, which is consistent with the result obtained using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the set pair analysis method. The combination weighting-cloud model exhibits rationality and effectiveness, enriching the theoretical system of collaborative innovation performance evaluation and providing a certain reference value for other evaluation methods. This paper adopts a combination weighting method that combines the advantages of subjective and objective weight determination, reducing subjective arbitrariness while also considering data authenticity. At the same time, it introduces the concept of cloud model to reduce ambiguity and randomness in the evaluation process, ensuring the scientific validity of the evaluation results.

With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization in China, urban governance has become an important issue in the current social development, and ecological environment governance has gradually become an important content of local governments′ work in urban governance. At present, China′s urban ecological environment governance faces multiple complex backgrounds and challenges. Based on the comparative study of two cases of urban ecological environment governance in cities with different development levels in China, this paper attempts to extract the governance dilemma, governance logic, and governance countermeasures of China′s urban ecological environment through the detailed interpretation of these two cases under different governance patterns. Starting from the current problems of urban ecological environment governance in China, this paper puts forward the patterns of fragmented governance, precise governance, campaign-style governance, and holistic governance in the transformation of urban ecological environment governance. China′s urban ecological environment governance usually presents dilemmas such as policy implementation deviation, insufficient social participation, and a lack of governance resources. Based on this, this paper innovatively proposes to improve the resilience of policy implementation, introduce the concept of embedded self-governance, strengthen the capacity of grassroots organizations, guide multiple subjects to participate in governance, smooth the communication and connection mechanisms, and build a governance community, so as to provide scientific, reasonable and feasible governance recommendations for China′s urban ecological environment governance, facilitate the green development of cities, and promote the harmony between humanity and nature through the continuous improvement and enhancement of urban environmental quality.

Resource-depleted cities generally face the predicament of sluggish overall economic development. As a typical old industrial base in China, the Northeast region is a concentrated area of resource-based cities, and its economic development is particularly constrained. In recent years, China has successively introduced a series of policies and launched pilot projects for new energy demonstration cities, aiming to improve the development predicament of resource-depleted cities and promote the green transformation of the old industrial base in Northeast China. Selecting the panel data of 34 cities in the three Northeast provinces from 2010 to 2019, and in accordance with the new energy demonstration city policy introduced by China in 2014, this paper uses the multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) method to compare the treatment group and the control group to accurately identify the impact of this policy on the development of the new energy industry and evaluate the treatment effect. The purpose is to examine the role of the new energy demonstration city policy in promoting the advanced level of the industry and the effect of finance in this process. The research shows that the pilot policy of new energy demonstration cities can promote enterprise technological innovation, improve total factor productivity, effectively promote the improvement of the advanced level of the industry, and thus promote the transformation of the old industrial base in Northeast China towards a green and low-carbon direction. At the same time, through the analysis of the moderating effect, it is found that the fiscal burden of local governments to a certain extent will inhibit the full play of the demonstration effect of the new energy industry development, and the increase in fiscal pressure will have a negative impact on the long-term effect of the pilot implementation. Therefore, in the process of accelerating the construction of new energy demonstration city, it is necessary to be vigilant against the risks brought by blind expansion, focus on reducing the fiscal constraints of new energy demonstration city, and fully release the support effect of national policies on new energy demonstration city, so as to promote the stable development of the new energy industry and the regional economy.

Industrial clusters are the most effective industrial organization form for the high-quality development of manufacturing and an important carrier for promoting new industrialization and developing New Quality Productive Forces. Affected by geographical conditions, resource endowments, and the stage of economic and social development, the formation mechanisms of industrial clusters vary across regions, necessitating government guidance and tailored strategies to nurture and reinforce these clusters. Focusing on the 22 key industrial clusters in Liaoning, this paper examines the formation mechanisms and main characteristics of industrial agglomerations, including those driven by leading enterprises, guided by national strategies, supported by resource endowments, underpinned by technological innovation, directed by government planning, and enabled by location advantages. Considering the current development status of industrial clusters in Liaoning and the challenges they face, such as their relatively small overall scale, low industrial agglomeration, weak local supporting capacity, imprecise investment attraction, underdeveloped leading enterprises, lack of cluster branding and recognition, limited capability in commercializing scientific and technological achievements, insufficient innovation support, inadequate planning coordination, and the need for stronger policy impetus, this paper explores development strategies tailored to different industrial clusters. It proposes countermeasures, such as strengthening coordinated planning and strengthening market promotion, implementing classified guidance with precise strategies, enhancing the construction of industrial parks to boost their carrying capacity, emphasizing the dominant role of enterprises to solidify the foundation of industrial clusters, and promoting the deep integration of industrial cluster innovation with scientific and technological innovation, etc., in order to clarify the optimization paths and specific development measures for industrial clusters.

With the rapid development of the market economy, mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and restructuring have become the main commercial activities in the securities market. To explore the impact and mechanism of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters on corporate ESG performance, based on the theoretical analysis, all A-share listed companies that underwent M&As and restructuring from 2015 to 2021 are selected as the research objects, and regression tests are conducted under strict control of time and individual fixed effects, further expansion analysis is conducted on the economic consequences and characteristics related to M&A and restructuring inquiry letters, and the heterogeneity of the impact of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters on corporate ESG performance under different levels of financing pressure is explored. Research has found that M&A and restructuring inquiry letters can significantly improve the ESG performance of the surveyed companies through a dual path of increasing analyst attention and alleviating information asymmetry issues. Further analysis reveals that the impact of receiving letters on a company's ESG rating is short-term, with an improvement in the quality of ESG information disclosure after receiving letters, and the mechanism of action is similar to that of ESG performance. At the same time, changes in the effectiveness of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters are revealed, and it is found that their impact on ESG performance significantly decreases after 2019. Heterogeneity analysis shows that this promoting effect is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises and enterprises with higher levels of financing constraints. This paper verifies the optimization effect of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters on corporate ESG performance, there is heterogeneity in the regulatory effects on companies under different financing pressures, indicating that the ability of companies to withstand potential risks in their financing activities weakens the promotion effect of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters on ESG performance.

The miniaturization of smart factories is an important path for small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve intelligent manufacturing. Using a literature review method, this paper systematically retrieves related literature on micro smart factories from databases such as CNKI, Web of Science, and Scopus. Combining studies on micro factories and smart factories, this paper defines a micro smart factory and analyzes the constituent elements of a micro smart factory from three aspects: conceptual subjects, technical foundations, and development goals. It is believed that micro smart factories have characteristics of subject specificity, technical similarity, subject applicability, and functional fundamentality compared to traditional smart factories. This paper also clarifies conceptual differences among micro factories, smart factories, intelligent manufacturing, and micro smart factories. Additionally, based on application scenarios of micro smart factories, it constructs a research framework following the logic of “influencing factors-development barriers-implementation paths-goals and outcomes”. This paper finds that influencing factors of micro smart factories involve three aspects: technological, organizational, and environmental levels. Development barriers include financial, technological, talent, and management obstacles. Building micro smart factories requires solving issues in five areas: finance, technology, talent, cognition, and management support. The goals and outcomes of micro smart factories differ at both micro and macro levels. Finally, this paper proposes future development directions for micro smart factories from four dimensions: construction and practice, theoretical framework, benefits and governance, and growth changes and boundary effects, providing references for theoretical research on micro smart factories and the future development of intelligent manufacturing in China.

Digital technology has gradually been applied to manufacturing enterprises. In order to identify the influence mechanism of digital investment on the integration of manufacturing industry chain and innovation chain, a digital investment mechanism model is constructed, with enterprise collaboration as the mediating variable and foreign technology introduction and domestic technology purchase as the moderating variables. The panel data of Chinese manufacturing industry from 2012 to 2020 are selected, and the hierarchical regression and Bootstrap methods are adopted to inspect the impact mechanism of digital investment on the integration of manufacturing industry chain and innovation chain. Research has found that digital investment has a significant positive impact on the integration of industrial chain and innovation chain; digital investment has an impact on the integration of manufacturing industry chain and innovation chain through enterprise collaboration; foreign technology introduction has a regulatory effect in the impact of digital investment on enterprise collaboration; domestic technology purchase has a regulatory effect in the impact of digital investment on the integration of manufacturing industry chain and innovation chain. The governments should accelerate the development of digital industry, guide enterprises to share production data, prefect and use digital technology in assisting technology development; they should promote digital technology innovation and accelerate the transformation of application results of digital technology.

Ships' ballast water carries the risk of expanding the scope of nuclear wastewater pollution, especially in inland waters and waters near port cities that are not accessible via conventional ocean current transmission routes. The control and management of ships' ballast water in the context of nuclear wastewater discharge is still blank in terms of international treaties, domestic legislation, and administrative regulations. This paper employs empirical and literature research methods, combined with practical experience in shipping such as that related to ships and ports, and an analysis of relevant legal literature, to explore the urgent need for legislation on ships' ballast water management in China in the context of nuclear wastewater discharge from both practical and theoretical perspectives. Research has found that although the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments provides a basic framework for ballast water management globally, it has not made specific regulations on the spread of radioactive wastewater in the new context of nuclear wastewater pollution. Although current domestic laws in China address ballast water pollution to some extent, there is a lag in legislation and law enforcement regarding the spread of nuclear wastewater pollution, and there is a lack of specific punishment measures and prevention and control mechanisms. The spread path of ships' ballast water exhibits regional differences, discontinuity, and potential hazards, making it one of the important carriers of nuclear wastewater pollution diffusion. This spread method goes beyond the conventional ocean current diffusion path and brings unpredictable ecological risks to China's inland and coastal port waters. Therefore, legislation on the management of ships' ballast water shows significant legitimacy and urgency. Legislation should be based on China's current legal system and international conventions, to establish stricter standards for the discharge of ships' ballast water, and to refine the areas and technical requirements for ballast water exchange, in order to prevent ballast water contaminated by nuclear wastewater from flowing into inland or port waters through ships. This paper argues that future legislation should not only focus on addressing Japan's nuclear wastewater discharge incident but also optimize China's ballast water management system for ports and ships from a more comprehensive perspective, thereby establishing a legal barrier against nuclear pollution, ensuring China's ecological environment security, maintaining the ecological balance of inland and marine waters, and providing Chinese wisdom for global marine environmental governance.

As a traditional heavy industry base in China, Liaoning Province possesses a solid industrial foundation in both traditional materials and advanced basic materials. However, it also faces challenges in transforming its manufacturing sector toward high-end, intelligent, and green development. Based on the perspective of industrial chain synergy and framed within the theoretical context of New Quality Productive Forces driving industrial upgrading, this paper systematically examines the current status of China's new materials industry, the strengths and weaknesses of Liaoning's new materials sector, and the driving mechanisms and implementation pathways for its upgrading. This paper finds that Liaoning holds significant advantages in the manufacturing of advanced basic materials and their application in equipment manufacturing. Nonetheless, the industry suffers from structural issues such as disrupted industrial chains, regional development imbalances, and delayed green transformation. Empowering the industry with New Quality Productive Forces can help reconstruct the value logic of the industrial chain: digital and intelligent technologies enhance production efficiency and responsiveness through data-driven R＆D, flexible manufacturing, and full life cycle management; industrial chain synergy networks improve industrial resilience through vertical integration and horizontal collaboration; and green transformation promotes sustainable development through low-carbon process innovation, circular economy systems, and green standards. This paper further proposes that Liaoning should leverage its institutional advantages to improve top-level designs that promote the development of New Quality Productive Forces and the new materials industry; utilize the capital and technological strengths of large state-owned enterprises to drive collaborative innovation among small and medium-sized private enterprises within upstream and downstream of the industrial chain; encourage universities, research institutions, and enterprises to establish collaborative innovation platforms for new materials, thereby strengthening the deep integration of industry, academia, research, and application, optimizing regional factor allocation, and promoting talent mobility; and the government should coordinate the division of labor across the industrial chain, establish dedicated funds to support breakthroughs in core technologies, promote the development of pilot testing platforms for new materials, and improve green finance and insurance compensation mechanisms.

With the improvement of urbanization level and the adjustment of birth control policies in China, the work-family conflict faced by women of childbearing age is gradually becoming more prominent, and grandparent childcare has become a common way of childcare. Based on the data of Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018, impact of grandparent childcare on non-farm full-time employment of women of childbearing age is explored empirically. Research has found the following. Grandparent childcare has a significant positive impact on non-farm full-time work of women of childbearing age. From the analysis of heterogeneous results, grandparent childcare only has a significant positive impact on non-farm full-time work of women of childbearing age in non-urban areas and outside the state-funded organizations. The participation of non-farm work of women of childbearing age in eastern areas has a significant positive influence by grandparent childcare. From the perspective of achieving high-quality employment of female labor force, the government should promote the establishment of formal childcare institutions, and encourage family-friendly work arrangements, as well as improve the social insurance services for the moving elderly, and subsidize the elderly who provide childcare services, so as to reduce the full-time employment pressure of women of childbearing age by “purchasing services”.

The widespread application of digital technology has intensified the complexity of the socio-economic system. This complexity not only exists at the overall level but also permeates the internal structure of enterprises, causing disruptive effects on classical organizational structures. In order to adapt to this challenge, service-oriented manufacturing networks have emerged as a collaborative organizational structure that integrates manufacturing and service functions, forming a complex network organizational system. The essence of this structure lies in achieving the transformation of enterprise organization through stock optimization and incremental adjustment, forming a linked network based on production factor relationships and spatial layout. Optimizing the organizational structure of service-oriented manufacturing networks is considered an important engine for promoting high-quality economic development and enhancing the modernization level of the industrial chain in China. The proposed method in this paper involves four steps: first, optimize the organizational structure of the service-oriented manufacturing networks using the autonomous service-oriented manufacturing network connection evaluation method, and provide the connection weights of the service-oriented manufacturing networks based on the classical autonomous comprehensive evaluation method; second, in the calculation of modularity in service-oriented manufacturing networks, consider the value coefficient, which means that the evaluated object prioritizes highlighting its own attributes and the advantages of high-density connection nodes in the cooperative ecological network; third, use the concept of modularity and apply the Girvan-Newman algorithm to optimize the organizational structure of service-oriented manufacturing networks; finally, illustrate and discuss the method through numerical examples, expanding the application of modularity containing value coefficients in network organization optimization. This method can effectively respond to complex network environments and collaborative needs among multiple entities and is suitable for application scenarios with multiple interactions among multiple entities and virtual agglomeration production models based on cyberspace. It not only offers new ideas for the research of service-oriented manufacturing networks but also provides references for promoting high-quality economic development and enhancing the modernization level of the industrial chain in China.

New forms of consumption can not only meet the people's ever-growing needs for a better life but also hold an important strategic significance for expanding domestic demand, improving industrial quality and efficiency, and developing New Quality Productive Forces. On the basis of reviewing the dynamic changes in new forms of consumption, this paper analyzes its current challenges and prospects and then puts forward some suggestions. This paper reveals that, during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has achieved remarkable progress in developing new forms of consumption. Specifically, the scale of digital consumption has grown rapidly, with increasingly diversified and high-quality offerings; green consumption concepts have gained widespread acceptance, reflected in strong sales of new energy vehicles and eco-friendly home appliances; and health awareness has been significantly enhanced, driving the upgrading and expansion of health-related consumption. However, new forms of consumption in China are also faced with such challenges as an insufficient supply of high-quality products, weak income expectations among residents, and an under-optimized consumer market environment regarding regulation, standards, and infrastructure, thus inhibiting the release of consumption potential. Looking ahead to the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the prospect of new forms of consumption is promising. Technological transformations will continue to drive the development of new consumption forms and models. Green consumption is gradually becoming more widespread, injecting new vitality into the market. Changes in the demographic structure hold new momentum for new forms of consumption. Therefore, China should make efforts to create effective demands for new forms of consumption with high-quality supply, release the consumption potential by enhancing consumption expectations, and optimize the environment of new forms of consumption by strengthening the construction of “soft” institutions and “hard” infrastructure.

Deeply understanding the scientific connotation of common prosperity and fully grasping the inevitability of the era of common prosperity are the foundation for solidly promoting common prosperity in the New Era and new journey. In terms of scientific connotation, common prosperity is the unity of production and distribution, productivity and production relations, which embodies the essential attributes of joint ownership, joint construction, and shared benefits, and has characteristics of universality, comprehensiveness, progressiveness, and differentiation. In terms of the inevitability of the times, common prosperity is an essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics, an inherent requirement of adhering to the development concept centered on the people, a strong support for the new driving force of economic development in the New Era, and a solid guarantee for consolidating national security and social stability at the grassroots level. In the New Era and new journey, it is a necessity to adhere to the leadership of the Party, promote high-quality development, optimize the distribution system, implement the rural revitalization strategy and Chinese path to modernization to promote common prosperity.

The global industrial and supply chains are important platforms for the division of labor and cooperation and common development among countries around the world. At present, as profound changes unseen in a century accelerate across the world and the global economic development environment is becoming more complex and severe, China is accelerating the optimization of the international cooperation layout of its industrial and supply chains and further expanding new space for international economic and trade cooperation. Against this backdrop, Northeast China, as an important gateway for China's opening up to the north, should deepen international cooperation in industrial and supply chains as an inevitable path to achieve its comprehensive revitalization and development. Based on the theories of economic globalization, global value chain, and industrial structure evolution, this paper adopts the methods of statistical analysis and comparative study, focusing on the three northeastern provinces, to comprehensively analyze the industrial characteristics of Northeast China. It also reviews the current situation of international cooperation in the industrial and value chains from five aspects. This paper holds that under the current international circumstances, Northeast China is presented with new development opportunities. Increased national policy support for its revitalization has provided impetus for the region to deepen international industrial cooperation. The region needs to base itself on domestic and international development circumstances. At the strategic level, the region should further leverage the alignment of the Belt and Road Initiative with frameworks like the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) to accelerate its integration into the unified national market and global value chain. From the industrial perspective, emphasis should be placed on building broader industrial and value chains in manufacturing, agriculture, cross-border e-commerce, and the ice-and-snow cultural tourism economy. From the perspective of key regions, efforts should be made to strengthen industrial chain cooperation with the Asia-Pacific and the EU, deeply promote the joint construction of production capacity chains with Mongolia and Russia, and improve industrial and supply chain services by taking the construction of international industrial parks as key platforms, so as to achieve high-quality economic development through high-level industrial cooperation.

In the process of promoting the achievement of carbon peak and carbon neutrality strategic goals, it has received widespread attention from many scholars how enterprises manage the environment and improve environmental performance. A-share listed companies in China′s Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2012 to 2022 are selected as research samples, the text analysis method is used to measure corporate crisis consciousness, the impact of crisis consciousness is empirically tested on environmental performance, the role of corporate innovation is examined in the impact of crisis consciousness on environmental performance, and heterogeneity analysis is conducted. Research has found that there is a significant positive correlation between crisis consciousness and environmental performance, and corporate innovation plays a mediating role in the impact of crisis consciousness on environmental performance; compared to state-owned enterprises, non-state-owned enterprises are more inclined to improve environmental performance through enterprise innovation; compared to development based innovation, exploratory innovation can more effectively promote the improvement of environmental performance.