Whole-process people′s democracy is the defining feature of socialist democracy, and it is democracy in its broadest, most genuine, and most effective form. Nowadays, Western democracy has deviated from the essence of democracy and is a “money democracy” characterized by capitalization. Whole-process people′s democracy has always applied a people-centered philosophy. This is not only a deepening understanding of the internal political development laws of democracy but also a powerful counterattack against some Western countries that attempt to criticize and contain China under the guise of “democracy”. Whole-process people′s democracy is an important achievement in the development of democracy and the political system in China, with its own unique “new look”. Therefore, on the journey of the new era, we should further emphasize the unique advantages of whole-process people′s democracy and highlight the “new” in democratic practice. This paper attempts to comprehensively explore the innovative development of whole-process people′s democracy through comparative analysis, which can provide a deeper understanding of the essence of democracy and provide theoretical references for exploring the path direction of promoting whole-process people′s democracy in the future. Research has found that whole-process people′s democracy emphasizes drawing wisdom and nutrients from fine traditional Chinese culture, with roots, sources, and inheritance. It is a crystallization of experience extracted from the combination of China′s traditional political wisdom and the latest democratic practices. On the one hand, from a vertical comparison perspective, whole-process people′s democracy has achieved the integration of cultural and historical construction. On the other hand, from a horizontal comparison perspective, whole-process people′s democracy has opened up a new path of democracy that is both unique to China and worthy of emulation by other countries. The practice and development of promoting whole-process people′s democracy is a process of development through inheritance and innovation through upholding fundamental principles. Through historical review and analysis, we should explore the practical path of promoting whole-process people′s democracy from four aspects in the new stage. First, we should ensure that whole-process people′s democracy and fine traditional Chinese culture are integrated and mutually beneficial. Second, we should grasp the political “backbone” and implement the leadership of the Party in all aspects of whole-process people′s democracy. Third, we should apply a people-centered philosophy and uphold the values of whole-process people′s democracy. Fourth, we should continue to innovate practical mechanisms and focus on transforming the institutional advantages of whole-process people′s democracy into governance effectiveness. In the new stage, by continuously promoting whole-process people′s democracy, we can continuously improve the socialist democratic system and contribute to the realization of the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The empowerment of the high-quality development of the cultural industry through New Quality Productive Forces is not only an inevitable requirement for strengthening cultural confidence and undertaking the cultural mission of the New Era, but also a important path to building Modern Chinese Civilization. This empowerment mechanism is deeply rooted in the urgent need for the transformation and upgrading of the cultural industry and coincides with the internal logic of the cultural industry's pursuit of high-quality development. Both demonstrate a high degree of compatibility in innovation drive, market demand response, and industrial structure optimization and upgrading. New Quality Productive Forces, as a new driving force for the development of the cultural industry, achieve empowerment through four key mechanisms:firstly, the creativity stimulation mechanism, which leverages advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data to provide endless possibilities for the innovation and diversification of cultural content, accelerating the conversion process from ideation to product; secondly, the industrial integration mechanism, which breaks traditional boundaries and promotes deep integration between culture and various fields such as technology, tourism, and education, forming new modes of cross-sector collaboration and broadening the industrial value chain; thirdly, the resource allocation mechanism, which relies on digital platforms to optimize resource allocation, improve production efficiency, and ensure the most effective utilization of cultural resources; fourthly, the green and low-carbon effect, which advocates environmental protection concepts, promotes the transformation of the cultural industry towards a low-carbon and environmentally friendly direction, and achieves dual improvements in economic and ecological benefits. At the practical level, to effectively empower the high-quality development of the cultural industry through New Quality Productive Forces, six dimensions need to be addressed:firstly, strengthening technology application, encouraging technological innovation, and especially enhancing the application of digital technologies in cultural creation, dissemination, and consumption, to elevate the industry's level of intelligence; secondly, promoting cluster development, constructing cultural industry parks and characteristic industrial clusters to form scale effects and synergies; thirdly, improving financial services, broadening financing channels, providing customized financial services for cultural enterprises, and reducing financing costs; fourthly, enhancing public services, strengthening infrastructure construction, optimizing the business environment, and providing a fertile ground for the development of the cultural industry; fifthly, building a green system, promoting green production methods and consumption patterns, and achieving sustained development of the cultural industry; finally, deepening international cooperation, strengthening cultural exchanges and cooperation, using advanced foreign technologies and management experience for reference, while promoting Chinese culture globally to enhance international influence. Through this series of measures, the optimization and upgrading of the internal structure of the cultural industry can be effectively promoted, the overall competitiveness of industry chain can be enhanced, the cultural innovation vitality can be stimulated, the ever-growing spiritual and cultural needs of the people can be met, and both economic and social benefits can be achieved. More importantly, by empowering the high-quality development of the cultural industry with New Quality Productive Forces, the China's cultural soft power can be further strengthened and the international dissemination and influence of Chinese culture can be enhanced. Therefore, the empowerment of the high-quality development of the cultural industry through New Quality Productive Forces is not only a strategic choice for industrial development, but also an important path for enhancing cultural confidence and international competitiveness.

Industrial clusters are the most effective industrial organization form for the high-quality development of manufacturing and an important carrier for promoting new industrialization and developing New Quality Productive Forces. Affected by geographical conditions, resource endowments, and the stage of economic and social development, the formation mechanisms of industrial clusters vary across regions, necessitating government guidance and tailored strategies to nurture and reinforce these clusters. Focusing on the 22 key industrial clusters in Liaoning, this paper examines the formation mechanisms and main characteristics of industrial agglomerations, including those driven by leading enterprises, guided by national strategies, supported by resource endowments, underpinned by technological innovation, directed by government planning, and enabled by location advantages. Considering the current development status of industrial clusters in Liaoning and the challenges they face, such as their relatively small overall scale, low industrial agglomeration, weak local supporting capacity, imprecise investment attraction, underdeveloped leading enterprises, lack of cluster branding and recognition, limited capability in commercializing scientific and technological achievements, insufficient innovation support, inadequate planning coordination, and the need for stronger policy impetus, this paper explores development strategies tailored to different industrial clusters. It proposes countermeasures, such as strengthening coordinated planning and strengthening market promotion, implementing classified guidance with precise strategies, enhancing the construction of industrial parks to boost their carrying capacity, emphasizing the dominant role of enterprises to solidify the foundation of industrial clusters, and promoting the deep integration of industrial cluster innovation with scientific and technological innovation, etc., in order to clarify the optimization paths and specific development measures for industrial clusters.

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out that a high-standard socialist market economy provides an important guarantee for Chinese Modernization and building a high-standard socialist market economy should be given more prominence. Building a high-standard socialist market economy is a focal point of further comprehensively deepening reform in economic construction, and it has an important impact and transmission effects on reforms in other aspects of the economic field. Through literature review and comparative research, it is found that the key semantics of building a high-standard socialist market economy lies in the term of “high-standard”, which puts forward upgraded requirements for China′s basic socialist economic systems. Systematically and deeply studying the logical implications, major principles, and key measures of a high-standard socialist market economy is of great theoretical significance, practical significance, and contemporary value for creating a New Pattern of Development, promoting high-quality economic development, responding to the profound changes unseen in a century in the world, demonstrating the advantages of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, and opening up a new frontier in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Understanding and grasping the generative logic of building a high-standard socialist market economy serves as the starting point of the research. Building a high-standard socialist market economy system contains triple logics: historical, theoretical, and practical. From the perspective of historical logic, it is a summary of the experience of China′s economic system reform process. In terms of theoretical logic, it is an innovative inheritance of Marxist theory of production relations. Attributed to practical logic, it is the practical requirement for cultivating and developing New Quality Productive Forces. At a critical period of promoting Chinese Modernization, building a high-standard socialist market economy requires adhering to and applying the world outlook and methodology of Marxism, which is mainly manifested in three aspects: firstly, adhering to self-reliance and self-confidence to demonstrate the superiority of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics; secondly, adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground to solve the world-wide problems in economics; thirdly, adhering to a problem-oriented approach and facing up to the “most urgent matters” in the reform. Based on a rigorous and meticulous logical system and the basic principles that should be followed, combined with the actual situation, to build a high-standard socialist market economy, it is necessary to uphold and fulfill the commitments to the public and non-public sectors to achieve a high level of market entities; consolidate the basic systems of the market economy to achieve a high-level market system; accelerate the development of a unified national market to achieve high-level resource allocation; coordinate an efficient market and an effective government to achieve high-level macro-governance; and promote the formation of a new pattern of all-round opening up to achieve high-level opening up to the outside world.

Against the backdrop of pursuing a strategy of national rejuvenation amid profound changes unseen in a century, promoting the construction of a modern industrial system through the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation is not only a proactive choice to respond to the global technological revolution but also a crucial measure to achieve high-quality economic development in China. The deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation empowers the construction of a modern industrial system through three pathways:first, addressing gaps in the industrial technology system and deficiencies in the industrial structure system, consolidating the integrity of the industrial system; second, promoting the intelligent, green, and integrated development of industries, enhancing the advancement of the industrial system; and third, improving the level of independent control and risk resistance of industrial and supply chains, ensuring the security of the industrial system. Currently, there are four problems in China's efforts to empower the construction of a modern industrial system through the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation:first, insufficient supply of high。quality innovation factors; second, inadequate prominence of enterprises as innovation entities; third, low efficiency of the industrial system; and fourth, imperfect systems and mechanisms for the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements. Therefore, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of consolidating the foundation of high-level innovation factors, strengthening the dominant position of enterprises in innovation, improving industrial quality and efficiency, and improving the systems and mechanisms for the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements. This paper provides theoretical support and policy insights for driving the construction of a modern industrial system through the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation.

The resilience and security of industrial chain in China's medical equipment sector have garnered significant attention, particularly in addressing various emergencies. From the perspective of New Quality Productive Forces, this paper first summarizes the current status of the resilience and security of industrial chain in China's medical equipment sector, then systematically reviews policies aimed at enhancing such resilience and security, and finally proposes countermeasures to further strengthen the resilience and accelerate domestic substitution. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has seen continuous growth in the market shares of complete equipment and key components of medical equipment. The market shares of complete equipment in multiple sectors have exceeded 50%, and a majority of key components are now domestically produced. However, some critical components or sub-components, especially high-end, high-reliability, and premium-grade components, still rely on foreign suppliers, posing challenges to the independence and controllability of the entire industrial chain. To enhance the resilience and security of industrial chain in the medical equipment sector from the perspective of New Quality Productive Forces, continuous innovation is essential to achieve full domestic substitution. China has introduced a series of policies and measures to support industrial chain in terms of institutional design, financial investment, and industrial foundation, effectively boosting the development, resistance, recovery, control, and innovation capabilities of the sector. Looking ahead, driven by an innovation-oriented ecosystem and robust policy support, the resilience and security of industrial chain in China's medical equipment sector are expected to further improve. It is recommended that the government leverage its control over the downstream of the industrial chain as a policy tool to integrate and regulate midstream and upstream, foster a moderately competitive industrial structure, launch pilot programs for medical big data, establish unified standards and property rights systems, and actively promote the intelligentization of medical equipment.

As crucial market entities in the socialist market economy, state-owned enterprises have always been the core force driving China′s high-quality economic development. In the new era, amid profound shifts in the international political landscape and strategic requirements of the domestic goal of common prosperity, redefining the functional positioning of state-owned enterprises not only shapes their reform trajectory but also serves as a crucial proposition for understanding the institutional strengths of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. Based on the extended analytical framework of “Attributes-Strategic Missions-Functions” for state-owned enterprises based on five types of market failures, this paper systematically explains the strategic mission and functional positioning of state-owned enterprises in the new era. From the perspective of making up for market failures, the traditional market failure theory mainly focuses on three types of issues: first, issues universal in market economies such as monopolies, externalities, and public goods shortages; second, the trap of comparative advantage in developing economies formed due to path dependence; third, imperfect market institutions and administrative barriers peculiar to transitional economies. With the development of the times, the scope of market failure has been further extended to two new types of challenges: fourth, disruptions to the international division of labor under the influence of international politics in the trend of anti-globalization, and fifth, market mechanisms′ inadequacy in achieving common prosperity. This paper argues that the strategic mission and functional positioning of state-owned enterprises are rooted in the coordinated practice of their triple attributes: the economic attribute, with efficiency improvement and strategic breakthrough as the core, can make up for the traditional three types of market failures and drive high-quality economic development; the political attribute, which carries the mission of ensuring national security and enhancing global competitiveness, can make up for the fourth type of market failure and cope with the challenges of anti-globalization; the social attribute, which aims to promote fairness and sharing, can make up for the fifth type of market failures and strive to achieve common prosperity. State-owned enterprises are not only key actors in addressing market failures but also the pioneers of national strategies. The coordinated practice of their three attributes is not only a unique advantage of China′s economic system but also a vivid illustration of “an efficient market+an effective government” in the changing situation of global governance. The Inclusive Green Development Survey finds that the realization of the functions of state-owned enterprises in addressing the five types of market failures has been highly recognized by society.

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made significant arrangements to create a first-class business environment characterized by market orientation, rule of law, and internationalization. The business environment has thus become a subject of intense academic and industrial focus through both theoretical and practical explorations. What kind of business environment is beneficial to improving regional innovation capacity has also become a pressing research question. Given that the business environment is a complex ecosystem, this paper adopts a complex systems perspective and uses fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to analyze the complex relationship between the business environment and regional innovation capacity from the perspective of configuration. The results show that a single business environment element is not a necessary condition for high regional innovation capacity, but optimizing the innovation environment universally enhances regional innovation capacity. Three types of business environment configurations can foster high regional innovation capacity: the government-led, human resource-based type driven by finance and innovation, the government and market dual-logic type driven by finance and innovation, and the type driven by the market and innovation, presenting multiple paths for improving regional innovation capacity in China. From the perspective of institutional configuration theory, this paper deeply analyzes the impact of the coupling relationship of multiple elements in the business environment on regional innovation capacity, aiming to reveal the construction path of the business environment that can cultivate high regional innovation capacity, enrich the cognitive framework of the relationship between the business environment and regional innovation capacity in theory, and provide practical references for policymakers.

With the rapid development of the market economy, mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and restructuring have become the main commercial activities in the securities market. To explore the impact and mechanism of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters on corporate ESG performance, based on the theoretical analysis, all A-share listed companies that underwent M&As and restructuring from 2015 to 2021 are selected as the research objects, and regression tests are conducted under strict control of time and individual fixed effects, further expansion analysis is conducted on the economic consequences and characteristics related to M&A and restructuring inquiry letters, and the heterogeneity of the impact of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters on corporate ESG performance under different levels of financing pressure is explored. Research has found that M&A and restructuring inquiry letters can significantly improve the ESG performance of the surveyed companies through a dual path of increasing analyst attention and alleviating information asymmetry issues. Further analysis reveals that the impact of receiving letters on a company's ESG rating is short-term, with an improvement in the quality of ESG information disclosure after receiving letters, and the mechanism of action is similar to that of ESG performance. At the same time, changes in the effectiveness of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters are revealed, and it is found that their impact on ESG performance significantly decreases after 2019. Heterogeneity analysis shows that this promoting effect is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises and enterprises with higher levels of financing constraints. This paper verifies the optimization effect of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters on corporate ESG performance, there is heterogeneity in the regulatory effects on companies under different financing pressures, indicating that the ability of companies to withstand potential risks in their financing activities weakens the promotion effect of M&A and restructuring inquiry letters on ESG performance.

The low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) policies are the important content of the national low-carbon strategy, which is of great significance in upgrading industrial structure and realizing high-quality economic development. Based on the panel data of 278 cities at the prefecture level and above in China from 2007 to 2019, and taking the three batches of LCCP projects implemented since 2010 as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper adopts the methods of staggered difference-in-differences (DID), event study, synthetic DID, and generalized synthetic estimation to assess the impacts of LCCP policies on green total factor productivity (GTFP) of Chinese cities and its underlying mechanisms. Specifically, technological innovation, industrial structure upgrading and rationalization, and industrial agglomeration are selected as the intermediate mechanism variables, while factors such as factor allocation, financial development, financial efficiency, informatization, marketization, and environmental regulation are controlled. The results reveal that the LCCP policies can enhance the level of urban GTFP, but this impact is significantly heterogeneous across regions. Further analysis finds that industrial structure upgrading acts as a mediator in the LCCP policies; technological innovation and industrial agglomeration serve as moderators with promoting effects; and industrial structure rationalization functions as a moderator with inhibiting effects. Dynamic effect analysis shows that the average treatment effect after the implementation of LCCP policies is positive and statistically significant, indicating that the LCCP policies exhibit a certain lag, and the treatment effect gradually increases over time. This paper aims to provide empirical support for evaluating the implementation effect of LCCP policies and continuously advancing the national low-carbon strategy while providing useful references for promoting high-quality economic development and realizing the “dual-carbon” goals as soon as possible.

Achieving equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas is an important means to bridge the gap between urban and rural development and promote common prosperity. The digital economy is an emerging economic form. Promoting the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy can effectively facilitate the construction of China's modern industrial system, enhance the momentum of high-quality development, and consolidate the material basis of basic public services in urban and rural areas. In order to maximize the potential of the digital economy to enable equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas, so as to provide strong support for achieving common prosperity, it is very important to study the influence mechanism of the digital economy on equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas. Based on the provincial panel data from 2012 to 2022, a comprehensive evaluation index system is established according to the connotations of the digital economy and basic public services in urban and rural areas. On the basis of measuring China's digital economy and the degree of equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas, a fixed effect model, a threshold effect model and a moderating effect model are used to explore the effect of the digital economy on equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas. The benchmark regression results and the threshold effect test show that the coefficient of the digital economy on equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas is positive at the significant level of 1%, and there is a significant double threshold effect, that is, the digital economy can significantly promote equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas, with a typical dynamic “N type” nonlinear effect. Through the regional heterogeneity test, it is found that the Matthew effect makes the digital economy exert a relatively stronger enabling effect on equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas in regions with high fiscal transparency and small urban-rural income gap, but exert an inhibiting effect in regions with low fiscal transparency and large urban-rural income gap. The test of the moderating effect of public service financial input as a moderating variable finds that the increase in public service financial input helps to promote equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas enabled by the digital economy, namely that public service financial input has a significant positive moderating effect in this process. Therefore, this paper puts forward the following suggestions:speed up the construction of new digital infrastructure to drive the development of the digital economy, and effectively play the multiplier effect of digital technology elements on the supply of basic public services; accelerate the process of digital rural construction in rural areas, especially in underdeveloped areas, increase the pace of improving Internet speed and lowering prices, narrow the digital divide among different regions, and urban and rural residents, and address the deficiencies in digital public services and people's livelihood in rural areas; and take financial investment as an important starting point to ensure equitable access to basic public services in urban and rural areas, and provide financial guarantee for promoting the establishment of basic public service guarantee system in urban and rural areas.

As a traditional heavy industry base in China, Liaoning Province possesses a solid industrial foundation in both traditional materials and advanced basic materials. However, it also faces challenges in transforming its manufacturing sector toward high-end, intelligent, and green development. Based on the perspective of industrial chain synergy and framed within the theoretical context of New Quality Productive Forces driving industrial upgrading, this paper systematically examines the current status of China's new materials industry, the strengths and weaknesses of Liaoning's new materials sector, and the driving mechanisms and implementation pathways for its upgrading. This paper finds that Liaoning holds significant advantages in the manufacturing of advanced basic materials and their application in equipment manufacturing. Nonetheless, the industry suffers from structural issues such as disrupted industrial chains, regional development imbalances, and delayed green transformation. Empowering the industry with New Quality Productive Forces can help reconstruct the value logic of the industrial chain: digital and intelligent technologies enhance production efficiency and responsiveness through data-driven R＆D, flexible manufacturing, and full life cycle management; industrial chain synergy networks improve industrial resilience through vertical integration and horizontal collaboration; and green transformation promotes sustainable development through low-carbon process innovation, circular economy systems, and green standards. This paper further proposes that Liaoning should leverage its institutional advantages to improve top-level designs that promote the development of New Quality Productive Forces and the new materials industry; utilize the capital and technological strengths of large state-owned enterprises to drive collaborative innovation among small and medium-sized private enterprises within upstream and downstream of the industrial chain; encourage universities, research institutions, and enterprises to establish collaborative innovation platforms for new materials, thereby strengthening the deep integration of industry, academia, research, and application, optimizing regional factor allocation, and promoting talent mobility; and the government should coordinate the division of labor across the industrial chain, establish dedicated funds to support breakthroughs in core technologies, promote the development of pilot testing platforms for new materials, and improve green finance and insurance compensation mechanisms.

China has entered the service economy era, characterized by the “two 50%” phenomenon in its industrial structure:the value added of the service sector accounts for 50% of GDP, and the value added of the producer service sector constitutes 50% of the total value added of the service sector. In contrast, the two proportions in developed countries generally exceed 70%, reflecting the “two 70%” phenomenon. On the new journey of the New Era, the continuous rise of the service sector′s share in China is a prevailing trend. To maintain economic growth efficiency and enhance international competitiveness in conjunction with this rise, it is crucial to avoid premature deindustrialization and preserve the supporting role of the manufacturing sector in building a modern industrial system. The solution lies in increasing the proportion of producer services within the service sector and promoting the integrated development of manufacturing industry and producer services, thereby advancing the path of servitization of manufacturing industry and synergistically promoting the strategy of building up China′s strength in manufacturing and the construction of a powerful country in service industry. This paper further employs China′s input-output data and the complete consumption coefficient to measure the level of servitization of manufacturing industry and the degree of integration of manufacturing industry and producer services, analyzing the overall characteristics of this integration and the specific traits of various sub-industries. The findings reveal clear trends towards the servitization of manufacturing industry and the integration of manufacturing industry and producer services, although the integration level requires further enhancement. Notably, there exists heterogeneity in the levels of integration between different factor-intensive manufacturing sectors and producer services. From the macro, meso, and micro levels, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions to promote the integration of China′s manufacturing industry and producer services. At the macro level, it is essential to optimize the integrated development environment by strengthening resource provision. At the meso level, industries should adopt differentiated integration paths tailored to their specific characteristics. At the micro level, enterprises should accelerate digital transformation to empower new models of integration. This study aims to provide policy-making references for facilitating the integration of China′s manufacturing industry and producer services, thereby supporting high-quality economic development and advancing toward a higher level of modernization.

This paper systematically elucidates the unique status and contributions of Liaohe River Culture in the formation and development of the pluralistic unity pattern of Chinese civilization, and deeply explores the spiritual connotations and outstanding values of Liaohe River Culture as a crystallization of joint creation, arduous struggle, and integrated development among various ethnic groups. Concurrently, this paper investigates how Liaohe River Culture, in the context of the New Era, can empower regional economic and social development, shape local narratives, and ultimately serve the significant strategic goal of constructing a common spiritual homeland for the Chinese nation. By employing methods such as historical analysis, literature analysis, and interdisciplinary research, etc., this paper systematically reviews the historical trajectory of the Liaohe River basin, analyzes the role of Liaohe River Culture in economic development and cultural inheritance, and reveals its intrinsic value in constructing a common spiritual homeland for the Chinese nation. Liaohe River Culture serves as a significant witness to and an integral component of the formation, development, and consolidation of the pluralistic unity pattern of Chinese civilization. Its historical process vividly illustrates the mainstream trend of interaction, exchange, and integration among Chinese ethnic groups. Liaohe River Culture encapsulates the core characteristics of being long-established and jointly created, marked by arduous struggle and collaborative progress, and demonstrating openness, inclusiveness, and assimilation. It embodies the spiritual genes of the Chinese nation that unremitting self-improvement and unity. The rich ethnic and cultural resources of the Liaohe River basin hold significant practical transformation value, which can effectively vitalize the local economy, promote social harmony, and empower rural revitalization through industrial development. The “Liaohe River Stories” represented by ancient civilizations (e.g., Hongshan Culture, Chahai Culture), folklore, and the “Six Places” Red Culture in Liaoning, are invaluable narrative resources for inheriting cultural genes, shaping collective memory, consolidating value consensus, and enhancing national cultural identity and confidence. Liaohe River Culture is not merely a brilliant gem within the treasure trove of Chinese culture, but also an indispensable cultural resource and spiritual pillar for constructing a common spiritual homeland and forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation in the New Era. Protecting, inheriting, and innovatively transforming Liaohe River Culture holds profound theoretical significance and major practical value for carrying forward cultural traditions, enhancing the cohesion and centripetal force of the Chinese nation, boosting China's cultural soft power, and promoting regional sustainable development. By examining Liaohe River Culture as a specific regional culture, this paper deeply explores its historical contributions and contemporary significance in the formation of the pluralistic unity pattern of the Chinese nation, offering a novel perspective and research pathway for constructing a common spiritual homeland for the Chinese nation. Through analyzing Liaohe River Culture and utilizing its cultural resources, this paper systematically integrates and elucidates its historical status, spiritual connotations, social functions, and contemporary values.

Guided by the new development concept, the evaluation index system of high-quality economic development in China is constructed from the five dimensions of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing. The entropy method and coefficient of variation are comprehensively used to comprehensively reveal the high-quality economic development level and regional differences of 30 province-level regions in mainland China (the data of Xizang is missing) from 2011 to 2021. The research results show that the overall high-quality development level of China's economy has steadily improved; There is an imbalance in the development of various dimensions of high-quality economic development, tending towards unbalanced development, with the highest score for innovative development and the lowest level of open development, and the gap between various dimensions is gradually widening. There are significant differences in the level of high-quality economic development among different regions; The level of high-quality economic development in the central, western, and northeastern regions is significantly lower than that in the eastern region, and there is a large gap between them. The overall coordination of high-quality economic development regions is gradually strengthening, and regional disparities are gradually narrowing; The internal disparities in high-quality economic development among the eastern, central, western, and northeastern regions are uneven, showing a trend of differentiated evolution. Regional differences are the main reason for the differences in high-quality development of the Chinese economy, with the degree of differences being in the order of East Northeast, East Central, East West, West Northeast, Central Northeast, and Central West. The largest regional differences are in the eastern region, which is significantly higher than in the northeast, west, and central regions.

Employment is the foundation of people′s livelihood and economic development. To achieve fuller and higher-quality employment is a necessary requirement for making solid progress in promoting common prosperity in China. The digital economy, as an important driving force to advance Chinese modernization, contributes to high-quality employment in multiple dimensions, including the employment structure, employment boundary, employment quality, and regional equilibrium. However, it has also triggered a series of social problems, such as the supply and demand mismatch in the labor market, structural employment contradictions, industry involution, and algorithmic hegemony. Therefore, exploring the impact of digital economy on China′s employment holds profound significance for achieving higher-quality employment and promoting common prosperity. As China′s economy moves towards a new stage of high-quality development, it should involve strengthening support for digital employment, optimizing the employment environment, improving employment-first policies, and standardizing labor management systems in platform-based enterprises during the process of promoting digital industrialization and industrial digitalization. With the fundamental goal of narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor and achieving common prosperity, it is crucial to develop a more inclusive digital economy and transform limited human capital into a new driver of high-quality economic development. Only in this way can China build resilient industrial and supply chains, fully energize its super-large market, and lay a solid foundation for inclusive economic growth and high-quality employment under the New Development Pattern.

The miniaturization of smart factories is an important path for small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve intelligent manufacturing. Using a literature review method, this paper systematically retrieves related literature on micro smart factories from databases such as CNKI, Web of Science, and Scopus. Combining studies on micro factories and smart factories, this paper defines a micro smart factory and analyzes the constituent elements of a micro smart factory from three aspects: conceptual subjects, technical foundations, and development goals. It is believed that micro smart factories have characteristics of subject specificity, technical similarity, subject applicability, and functional fundamentality compared to traditional smart factories. This paper also clarifies conceptual differences among micro factories, smart factories, intelligent manufacturing, and micro smart factories. Additionally, based on application scenarios of micro smart factories, it constructs a research framework following the logic of “influencing factors-development barriers-implementation paths-goals and outcomes”. This paper finds that influencing factors of micro smart factories involve three aspects: technological, organizational, and environmental levels. Development barriers include financial, technological, talent, and management obstacles. Building micro smart factories requires solving issues in five areas: finance, technology, talent, cognition, and management support. The goals and outcomes of micro smart factories differ at both micro and macro levels. Finally, this paper proposes future development directions for micro smart factories from four dimensions: construction and practice, theoretical framework, benefits and governance, and growth changes and boundary effects, providing references for theoretical research on micro smart factories and the future development of intelligent manufacturing in China.

This paper deeply analyzes the logical basis and value implications of the scientific worldview and methodology of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, as well as its practical requirements in the New Era. This paper persists in applying the Marxist standpoint, viewpoint, and methodology to systematically study the worldview and methodology of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, utilizes the research method of logical and historical unity, emphasizes the integration of theory and practice, and employs the basic tenets of Marxism to analyze and summarize the rationale for upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, its value, and practical application methods. The main viewpoints of this paper are as follows:upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground is the organic unity of Marxist materialism, epistemology and dialectics; the nourishment of the fine traditional Chinese culture is the cultural soil for upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground; upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground has been carried out through the practical exploration of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in its more than a hundred years of struggle, and the CPC's more than a hundred years of remarkable history is a history of constantly pursuing, revealing and practicing the truth of Marxism, which carries the genes and lineage of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground. Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground helps to enrich and develop Marxism, uphold and improve the system of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, promote cultural prosperity and enhance China's cultural soft power, and build China into a great modern socialist country. Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new groud demands us: Firstly,with upholding fundamental principles at the core, to always take the right principles and traditions as the foundation and firmly uphold theoretical beliefs by adhering to the basic principles of Marxism to ensure the orthodoxy of theory; to uphold the CPC's comprehensive leadership to ensure the orthodoxy of direction; and to uphold Socialism with Chinese Characteristics to ensure the orthodoxy of essence. Secondly, it requires us to focus on innovation and actively promote advancements in the path, theory, system, and culture, injecting momentum into building China into a great modern socialist country. Thirdly, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground requires us to grasp the dialectical unity of the two. On the one hand, it requires us to treat science with a scientific attitude and achieve the dialectical unity of conformity to laws and purposiveness. On the other hand, it demands pursuing truth with the spirit of seeking truth, thereby realizing the dialectical unity of adhering to and developing truth. Not only upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground should reveal the truth, but also uphold and practice it to transform the real world by the guildance of the fundamental principles of truth and drive social progress forward in a manner that is both timely and consistent with the evolving demands of society. From the perspectives of logical basis, value implications and practical requirements, this paper offers a comprehensive theoretical exposition on upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground. It puts forward a series of innovative viewpoints, providing valuable references for theoretical research and practical exploration in related fields, which facilitates a deeper understanding and application of the worldview and methodology of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, thereby offering methodological guidance for building China into a great modern socialist country.

In response to the problems in the central region, such as the slow optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure and the challenges in the transformation between old and new drivers of growth, this paper explores effective paths to promote high-quality industrial development in the central region, providing references for its undertaking of industrial transfer and promotion of industrial upgrading. This paper deeply analyzes the endowment conditions for high-quality industrial development in the central region from multiple aspects, including geographical location conditions, the potential of characteristic advantageous industries, market scale, and scientific and technological innovation capabilities. It comprehensively summarizes and sorts out the comprehensive achievements in aspects such as the competitiveness of characteristic agriculture, resource processing industries, traditional advantageous light industrial clusters, strategic emerging industries, agglomeration of key industries, and modern service industries. It meticulously analyzes the structural challenges in aspects such as the division of labor and cooperation among regions, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, the development momentum of emerging industries, the opening up of industries to the outside world, and the vitality of the private economy. This paper finds that the central region has certain development endowments and has achieved certain comprehensive achievements in multiple fields such as characteristic agriculture and resource processing industries. However, it also faces many problems, such as poor division of labor and cooperation among regions, difficulties in the upgrading of traditional industries, insufficient momentum for emerging industries, a low level of opening up of industries to the outside world, and the need to unleash the vitality of the private economy. Based on this, a series of countermeasures are proposed, including guiding the optimization of the regional industrial layout, clarifying the industrial positioning of each region, and promoting coordinated development; improving the support for industrial transformation and upgrading and increasing support for technological transformation of traditional industries; optimizing the growth ecology of New Quality Productive Forces and cultivating the development momentum of emerging industries; innovating the institutional mechanisms for the open development of industries and improving the level of opening up of industries to the outside world; strengthening the supply of policy, system and service for the private economy and stimulating the vitality of the private economy, in order to promote the high-quality industrial development in the central region. These countermeasures can provide policy-making references for the central region to undertake industrial transfer and promote industrial upgrading.

With the promulgation of the Measures for the Review of Science and Technology Ethics (for Trial Implementation) in China, the review of science and technology ethics has become a legal procedure for carrying out scientific and technological activities. In recent years, judiciary authorities have sought to leverage technology to modernize judicial work, and the integration of technology and the judiciary has deepened, with technology even affecting existing judicial decision-making to a certain extent. This paper provides legal reasoning and empirical analysis of the establishment and operation rules of the Judicial Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics Committee. At the legal level, the establishment of the Judicial AI Ethics Committee in the context of judicial automated decision-making is necessary, legitimate, and justified. This committee is responsible for the ethical review of the court's scientific and technological activities. At the same time, its operation rules are special “reference-based applications” based on the general review of science and technology ethics, which will inevitably conflict with general provisions to a certain extent. Its review forms, such as the granting of review powers, the formulation of review procedures, and the composition of reviewers, should be discussed from the perspective of legal doctrine, which can be used as the core element for the review of science and technology ethics at the court level, so as to accelerate the construction of the future framework of the Judicial AI Ethics Committee mechanism to address the challenges and difficulties in ethical reviews in judicial automated decision-making. Currently, judicial automated decision-making is no longer a prospect but a reality. The Judicial AI Ethics Committee must go beyond general ethical reviews and refine review standards based on specific requirements of the judicial field. At the same time, in response to the particularity of the judicial scene, more detailed ethical norms should be formulated, and the review process should be continuously optimized, to enhance the effectiveness of ethical reviews, guarantee the fairness and transparency of judicial decision-making, and ultimately achieve the organic integration of judicial automated decision-making and ethical norms.

Data elements have become the top priority of the long-term and stable development of the global economy. Clarifying the theoretical logic of the value release of data elements and better unlocking the potential of data elements is the focus of the digital age. This paper, following the evolution logic of “data-data assets-data elementization-data elements valued process”, clarifies the concept of data elements valued process and its formation basis and demonstrates the realization mechanism of data value from the perspective of political economy, aiming to promote the efficient unification of data elementization form, paths of valued process, and operation mechanism and explore the paths of data elements valued process from the perspectives of Marx′s labor theory of value, Marx′s exchange theory, Marx′s future social theory, Xi Jinping′s Economic Thought, Xi Jinping′s Discourses on a Holistic Approach to National Security, and Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization. The intelligence and automation enabled by data elementization have replaced the simple labor of human beings, reducing the exchange costs and exchange time, supporting human beings to shift toward high value-added and abstract complex labor, and thus increasing both use value and exchange value. The expansion of data scale promotes the transformation of the “public ownership of the means of production” from imagination to reality. The integration of the virtual data space and real industries can drive the rapid formation of the industrial ecological “community”. Data security addresses the borderless and decentralized characteristics of digital technology. Data governance offers new ways for the public to engage in monitoring, make selective purchases, and organize environmental protection activities. In order to further release the value of data elements, China should break the pattern of “constructing data centers without effective utilization”, accelerate the scene-based application of data labor in different fields, improve the standard system of data resource collection, management, application, and security, and create a data-driven industrial ecology.

New forms of consumption can not only meet the people's ever-growing needs for a better life but also hold an important strategic significance for expanding domestic demand, improving industrial quality and efficiency, and developing New Quality Productive Forces. On the basis of reviewing the dynamic changes in new forms of consumption, this paper analyzes its current challenges and prospects and then puts forward some suggestions. This paper reveals that, during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has achieved remarkable progress in developing new forms of consumption. Specifically, the scale of digital consumption has grown rapidly, with increasingly diversified and high-quality offerings; green consumption concepts have gained widespread acceptance, reflected in strong sales of new energy vehicles and eco-friendly home appliances; and health awareness has been significantly enhanced, driving the upgrading and expansion of health-related consumption. However, new forms of consumption in China are also faced with such challenges as an insufficient supply of high-quality products, weak income expectations among residents, and an under-optimized consumer market environment regarding regulation, standards, and infrastructure, thus inhibiting the release of consumption potential. Looking ahead to the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the prospect of new forms of consumption is promising. Technological transformations will continue to drive the development of new consumption forms and models. Green consumption is gradually becoming more widespread, injecting new vitality into the market. Changes in the demographic structure hold new momentum for new forms of consumption. Therefore, China should make efforts to create effective demands for new forms of consumption with high-quality supply, release the consumption potential by enhancing consumption expectations, and optimize the environment of new forms of consumption by strengthening the construction of “soft” institutions and “hard” infrastructure.

“People-centered” philosophy is the main dimension of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, which profoundly reflecting the core connotation and value orientation of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture. A multi-dimensional analysis of people's subjectivity in Xi Jinping Thought on Culture helps to grasp literary and artistic leadership policies in the New Era and guide cultural construction in the New Era. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, while inheriting and developing Marxist humanism philosophy, represents both a continuation and advancement of the literary and artistic policies upheld by the successive generations of the central collective leadership of the Communist Party of China, as well as a profound comprehension of the laws governing and promoting socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, thus possessing rich theoretical implications. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture is a significant achievement in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, which profoundly reflecting the people's subjectivity through three dimensions:the subject in practice, the subject in cultural creation, and the subject for cultural evaluation. First, the people act as the principal force in cultural creation, constituting the main body of historical development. Their practical activities form the foundation of both material and spiritual social life. As the driving force behind historical progress, the people are the creators of history. Second, the people constitute the central focus of cultural creation. It is essential to consistently regard the people as both the subjects of representation and reception, firmly uphold the Marxist perspective on literature and art, and steadfastly adhere to a people-centered creative orientation. Third, public recognition serves as the fundamental criterion for cultural evaluation. The realization of the value of cultural products ultimately hinges on the validation by the people, which represents not only a market-driven selection, but also a value-oriented endorsement. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, the emphasis on people's subjectivity is aimed at achieving the free and comprehensive development of individuals, consolidating spiritual strength to lay an ideological foundation for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and contributing Chinese wisdom to provide new experience in creating a new form of human advancement.

With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization in China, urban governance has become an important issue in the current social development, and ecological environment governance has gradually become an important content of local governments′ work in urban governance. At present, China′s urban ecological environment governance faces multiple complex backgrounds and challenges. Based on the comparative study of two cases of urban ecological environment governance in cities with different development levels in China, this paper attempts to extract the governance dilemma, governance logic, and governance countermeasures of China′s urban ecological environment through the detailed interpretation of these two cases under different governance patterns. Starting from the current problems of urban ecological environment governance in China, this paper puts forward the patterns of fragmented governance, precise governance, campaign-style governance, and holistic governance in the transformation of urban ecological environment governance. China′s urban ecological environment governance usually presents dilemmas such as policy implementation deviation, insufficient social participation, and a lack of governance resources. Based on this, this paper innovatively proposes to improve the resilience of policy implementation, introduce the concept of embedded self-governance, strengthen the capacity of grassroots organizations, guide multiple subjects to participate in governance, smooth the communication and connection mechanisms, and build a governance community, so as to provide scientific, reasonable and feasible governance recommendations for China′s urban ecological environment governance, facilitate the green development of cities, and promote the harmony between humanity and nature through the continuous improvement and enhancement of urban environmental quality.

The global industrial and supply chains are important platforms for the division of labor and cooperation and common development among countries around the world. At present, as profound changes unseen in a century accelerate across the world and the global economic development environment is becoming more complex and severe, China is accelerating the optimization of the international cooperation layout of its industrial and supply chains and further expanding new space for international economic and trade cooperation. Against this backdrop, Northeast China, as an important gateway for China's opening up to the north, should deepen international cooperation in industrial and supply chains as an inevitable path to achieve its comprehensive revitalization and development. Based on the theories of economic globalization, global value chain, and industrial structure evolution, this paper adopts the methods of statistical analysis and comparative study, focusing on the three northeastern provinces, to comprehensively analyze the industrial characteristics of Northeast China. It also reviews the current situation of international cooperation in the industrial and value chains from five aspects. This paper holds that under the current international circumstances, Northeast China is presented with new development opportunities. Increased national policy support for its revitalization has provided impetus for the region to deepen international industrial cooperation. The region needs to base itself on domestic and international development circumstances. At the strategic level, the region should further leverage the alignment of the Belt and Road Initiative with frameworks like the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) to accelerate its integration into the unified national market and global value chain. From the industrial perspective, emphasis should be placed on building broader industrial and value chains in manufacturing, agriculture, cross-border e-commerce, and the ice-and-snow cultural tourism economy. From the perspective of key regions, efforts should be made to strengthen industrial chain cooperation with the Asia-Pacific and the EU, deeply promote the joint construction of production capacity chains with Mongolia and Russia, and improve industrial and supply chain services by taking the construction of international industrial parks as key platforms, so as to achieve high-quality economic development through high-level industrial cooperation.

At the ceremony marking the centenary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), General Secretary Xi Jinping summarized the CPC's century-long experience in theoretical innovation and explicitly proposed the significant proposition of integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture, namely the “Second Integration”. Later, at the meeting on cultural inheritance and development in 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping further emphasized that the “Second Integration” is another manifestation of our commitment to freeing the mind. This has laid a solid cultural foundation for the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, demonstrating that the CPC has reached new heights in promoting theoretical innovation and strengthening cultural confidence by inheriting fine traditional Chinese culture. In-depth study and a profound grasp of the connotation of the “Second Integration” hold great significance for upholding the guiding role of Marxism, establishing a connection between tradition and modernity, continuously advancing theoretical innovation, and fulfilling new cultural missions. From a cultural perspective, the “Second Integration” adheres to a grand view of history. It places the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture within the century-long historical development of the CPC, clarifies the internal mechanism of integrating the “soul vein” of Marxism with the “root vein” of fine traditional Chinese culture, and employs the methodology of unifying logic and history to deeply explore the successful experience gained from this integration. Research findings reveal that the “Second Integration” has accumulated major experience in three aspects:the subjective consciousness of persistence through collision and selection, the path optimization of inheritance and integration, and the mission-driven commitment to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground. The experience carries vital importance for implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, achieving the “Second Integration”, and advancing the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture.

Urban transportation is one of the key sectors contributing to urban carbon emissions. Investigating efficient carbon reduction paths is of significant importance for promoting the high-quality development and green, low-carbon transformation of the transportation sector. Beijing, a city with a dense population and frequent economic activities, has considerable energy consumption and carbon emissions in its transportation sector. The Chinese government has pledged to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. Therefore, studying the relationship between transportation carbon emissions and economic growth in Beijing, as well as exploring effective carbon reduction measures, is crucial for achieving these goals. This paper takes Beijing as a case study and employs a “top-down” approach to calculate the annual carbon dioxide emissions from its transportation sector. It analyzes the decoupling status between transportation carbon emissions and economic growth and constructs a system dynamics model for urban transportation carbon emissions. The model considers multiple subsystems, including the population and economy subsystem, the transportation subsystem, the energy and carbon emissions subsystem, and the private car cost subsystem. By simulating and forecasting the trends in carbon dioxide emissions from urban transportation in Beijing, the study investigates the changes in emissions under various carbon reduction strategies. The study calculates and analyzes the carbon emissions from Beijing's transportation sector, revealing an increasing trend in recent years. It also shows that the decoupling status between transportation carbon emissions and economic growth is characterized by either an expanding or weak decoupling, failing to achieve the ideal state of strong decoupling. Based on this, the study develops a system dynamics model for urban transportation carbon emissions and simulates the emission trend variations under different scenarios. The results indicate that adjusting the vehicle energy structure, controlling private transportation demand, and improving energy efficiency are effective measures for reducing transportation carbon emissions. Promoting new energy vehicles, implementing stringent traffic restriction policies, and enhancing energy-saving technologies can significantly reduce transportation carbon emissions. This paper not only examines the ecological benefits of implementing carbon reduction measures from a policy perspective but also assesses their economic benefits, thereby enriching the evaluation framework of transportation carbon reduction policies. Furthermore, the study considers the cost changes for consumers resulting from policy implementation, comprehensively evaluating the implementation effects and guiding role of the policy from both the ecological and economic benefits. The findings offer valuable guidance for government departments in selecting efficient and rational carbon reduction policies, which will help promote high-quality economic development and high-level protection of the ecological environment. Additionally, the research provides insights for low-carbon transportation development in other regions and holds significant theoretical and practical values for achieving the green and low-carbon transformation of the transportation sector.

Resource-depleted cities generally face the predicament of sluggish overall economic development. As a typical old industrial base in China, the Northeast region is a concentrated area of resource-based cities, and its economic development is particularly constrained. In recent years, China has successively introduced a series of policies and launched pilot projects for new energy demonstration cities, aiming to improve the development predicament of resource-depleted cities and promote the green transformation of the old industrial base in Northeast China. Selecting the panel data of 34 cities in the three Northeast provinces from 2010 to 2019, and in accordance with the new energy demonstration city policy introduced by China in 2014, this paper uses the multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) method to compare the treatment group and the control group to accurately identify the impact of this policy on the development of the new energy industry and evaluate the treatment effect. The purpose is to examine the role of the new energy demonstration city policy in promoting the advanced level of the industry and the effect of finance in this process. The research shows that the pilot policy of new energy demonstration cities can promote enterprise technological innovation, improve total factor productivity, effectively promote the improvement of the advanced level of the industry, and thus promote the transformation of the old industrial base in Northeast China towards a green and low-carbon direction. At the same time, through the analysis of the moderating effect, it is found that the fiscal burden of local governments to a certain extent will inhibit the full play of the demonstration effect of the new energy industry development, and the increase in fiscal pressure will have a negative impact on the long-term effect of the pilot implementation. Therefore, in the process of accelerating the construction of new energy demonstration city, it is necessary to be vigilant against the risks brought by blind expansion, focus on reducing the fiscal constraints of new energy demonstration city, and fully release the support effect of national policies on new energy demonstration city, so as to promote the stable development of the new energy industry and the regional economy.

This paper analyzes the advantages of China′s central region in terms of resources, transportation, market, labor force, education, science and technology, and land, as well as the positive progress made in the manufacturing industry in recent years, and further put forward policy suggestions for promoting high-quality industrial development in the central region. This paper sorts out the resource endowments and the current situation of industrial development in the central region, covering such fields as rail transit equipment, small and medium-sized aero-engines, a new generation of independent and secure computing systems, engineering machinery, optoelectronic information, automobiles, intelligent voice, and new rare earth materials and their applications. On this basis, through comparative analysis, this paper summarizes the comparative advantages of the central region and puts forward strategies for promoting the transformation and upgrading of the resource processing industries, actively undertaking the transfer of labor-intensive industries from the eastern region, and strengthening characteristic and advantageous industries. This paper further explores how the central region can actively connect and integrate into the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and the national strategy of coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, as well as the methods for deepening the industrial division of labor and cooperation. Specific measures are proposed, including building platforms for industrial innovation, scientific and technological innovation supply chain, high-level scientific research, and high-level opening up, as well as strengthening the construction of digital infrastructure to create growth poles for key industries and promote digital empowerment. This paper finds that high-quality industrial development in the central region has considerable advantages, and the central region also has some advantages in terms of resource endowments and industrial development. By identifying comparative advantages, actively integrating into the national strategies, focusing on the construction of platform carriers, and strengthening the construction of digital infrastructure, the region′s industrial undertaking capacity can be effectively improved, and the construction of a national strategic hinterland and backup for key industries can be accelerated. It has inspirations for industrial upgrading and economic development in the central region and even the whole country.

The consumer goods industry serves as a strategic industry of the national economy, and its brand building is crucial to corporate benefits and the market landscape. In the past development process, Liaoning Province, by virtue of its outstanding industrial heritage, industrial system, abundant resources, and other advantages, has laid a solid foundation for cultivating high-quality brands in the consumer goods industry. In order to implement the strategic goal of “building a trillion-yuan high-quality and characteristic consumer goods industrial base” proposed at the Sixth Plenary Session of the 13th Liaoning Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, this paper, based on the actual industrial development in Liaoning, systematically analyzes the multi-dimensional advantages of the consumer goods industry and further discusses the multiple problems faced in the current development, such as inadequate strategic planning for brand building and limited industrial scale and brand value, severe insufficiency in effective supply of consumer goods industry, a lack of well-known leading brands and weak market expansion capability, and fragmented brand promotion efforts, etc. On this basis, this paper proposes the development strategy of the “Ingenious Liaoning Products” brand and puts forward systematic implementation paths and safeguard measures of brand building in consumer goods industry in Liaoning Province. These include improving the top-level design to optimize the brand building environment, establishing an “Ingenious Liaoning Products” brand catalog to construct “four beams and eight pillars” for high-quality consumer goods, nurturing leading brands through scientific and technological innovation to enhance effective supply in the consumer goods industry, and precisely developing characteristic brands through the “Ingenious Liaoning Products” image project, etc.

The sense of community for the Chinese nation is the foundation of ethnic unity, an emotional bond of national identity and ethnic integration, and a source of strength for the continuous development of the Chinese nation. Systematically reviewing the theoretical foundation, historical context, and practical paths through which the Communist Party of China (CPC) forges a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation is not only a three-dimensional perspective for grasping the general development trend of the Chinese nation but also a necessary path for revealing the internal laws governing the evolution of the CPC's ethnic work. As the main thread of the CPC's ethnic work in the New Era, forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation presents a theoretical construction with threefold ideological origins: taking Marx's community thought as its philosophical foundation and inheriting the value pursuit of the “association of free individuals”; upholding adapting Marxist ethnic theory to Chinese context and needs of times as its methodology to innovate and develop the pluralistic unity concept of the nation; and drawing cultural nourishment from traditional political wisdom of Chinese civilization, such as “great unity” and “harmonious coexistence”, to achieve the modern transformation of fine traditional Chinese culture. Over the past century, the CPC's efforts to forge a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation have undergone dual tests of practice and history, evolving through four interconnected development stages: fermentation and foundation-laying, exploration and establishment, innovation and development, and maturity and sublimation. In the practical context of the New Era, forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation has formed a promotion path integrating economic, political, cultural, and social dimensions. This involves a comprehensive deployment and integrated advancement of four components: solidly promoting common prosperity, firmly advancing political identity, stimulating deep-seated cultural identity, and promoting interaction, exchange, and integration. This multi-dimensional and integrated practical system inherits the historical wisdom of Chinese civilization and responds to the development needs of the New Era, rallying strength and focus for the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

In recent years, China′s digital economy has developed rapidly, and digital technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data have also shown accelerated growth, which has become an important force in improving urban carbon productivity. This paper selects panel data from prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2022 for empirical testing and employs a two-way fixed effects model for benchmark regression analysis. Then, this paper conducts robustness tests by replacing the dependent variable and changing the sample size, performs heterogeneity tests across different regions, and carries out transmission mechanism tests by enhancing green technology innovation capabilities and promoting industrial structure upgrading. The research results indicate that the digital economy promotes urban carbon productivity by enhancing green technology innovation capabilities and promoting industrial structure upgrading. Based on these findings, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions, such as breaking through digital technology barriers, enhancing innovation capabilities, narrowing the digital divide between different regions, promoting regional coordinated development, optimizing industrial and energy structures to improve carbon productivity, and fully leveraging the role of green technology innovation in boosting carbon productivity.

As an important path to promote common prosperity, the inclusive development of digital technology has significantly optimized the income distribution pattern by empowering the three distribution mechanisms. Based on the Inclusive Green Development Follow-up Survey (IGDS) data in the first quarter of 2024, this paper systematically examines the impact of digital technology on primary, secondary, and tertiary distribution. The findings are as follows. At the primary distribution level, digital skills have significantly improved workers′ income levels by reconstructing the labor market, with the income growth effect being particularly prominent among groups with high digital skills. However, skill stratification has exacerbated the income gap. At the secondary distribution level, the transformation of government governance driven by digital technology has effectively improved the fairness and efficiency of the secondary distribution policies through intelligent tax supervision, precise social security, and digital public services. At the tertiary distribution level, digital technology has increased charitable donations by reducing participation costs, enhancing information transparency, and broadening donation channels, initially shaping a collaborative mechanism between marketization and socialization. Nevertheless, the digital divide persists, manifested as the structural disadvantages of rural and low-skilled groups in terms of access to, use of, and benefit from technology. Based on this, it is proposed a four-dimensional policy system of “digital skills training-balanced infrastructure-digital and intelligent taxation-charity transparency” to consolidate the institutional foundation of common prosperity through the inclusive development of digital technology.

In the face of increasingly complex economic situation in the world, the integration of business development with digital technology application has accelerated enterprise digital transformation, making it a key strategy for enterprise adaptation. Against the backdrop of shrinking foreign trade demand, the impact of enterprise digital transformation on export resilience has received growing attention from both academia and industry. Using data from the CSMAR database and annual reports of listed companies, this paper takes the 2020 public health crisis as an exogenous shock and applies a Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach to examine how enterprise digital transformation affects export resilience and its underlying mechanisms. The baseline results show that digitally transformed enterprises exhibit stronger export resilience after the shock, demonstrating the positive role of digital transformation in enhancing export resilience. The findings remain robust and highly credible across multiple tests. Mechanism analysis reveals that the current ratio plays a positive mediating role in the effect of digital transformation on export resilience, implying that digital transformation strengthens export resilience under external shocks by enhancing financial liquidity. Furthermore, digital transformation can significantly alleviate insufficient innovation investment, thereby improving export resilience. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive effect of digital transformation on export resilience is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises and enterprises in the eastern region of China. This paper aims to enrich the current academic findings on the effect of digital transformation and provide empirical evidence for enterprises developing digital transformation strategies.

As a crucial instrument in civil and commercial transactions, valuation adjustment mechanism (VAM) agreements are commonly utilized in private equity and venture capital investments. This paper analyzes the causes of obstacles in the performance of equity repurchase-based VAM agreements, attributing them primarily to the facts that the Minutes of the National Courts' Civil and Commercial Trial Work Conference fails to effectively address the relationship between capital reduction procedures and equity repurchase, and treats them as bundled requirements, and the investor is in a disadvantaged position in terms of equity proportion in the target company, which prevents them from dominating capital reduction procedures. This paper argues that equity repurchase-based VAM agreements should be characterized as contracts with conditions attached to their terms rather than as aleatory contracts or conditional contracts. Specifically, the failure of the VAM agreement is an agreed-upon intentional condition for equity repurchase. To overcome obstacles in performance, the provisions of Article 159 of the Civil Code regarding the improper obstruction of the fulfillment of conditions can be analogously applied to resolve the predicament of malicious refusal to initiate capital reduction procedures. Since the equity repurchase claim has become enforceable, target companies that fail to fulfill their repurchase obligations may be held liable for breaches of contract. As ultimate remedies for such breaches, investors may seek compensation under debt law provisions for delayed performance or request for the return of the original property as property right holders.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has always been unswervingly pursuing corrupt fugitives and retrieving stolen assets, which achieving remarkable results. However, it also faces the regulatory dilemma of insufficient fugitive pursuit efforts and insufficiently sound rule of law fugitive pursuit mechanism. As an institutional response, the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China was amended in 2018 to add a criminal procedure for trial in absentia. Up to this day, there is only one case, the Cheng Sanchang case, under the “fugitive-type” criminal procedure for trial in absentia, and the application rate is abnormally low. Fundamentally, this is not only because the procedure for trial in absentia may focus on deterrence and other reasons, but also because the procedure has not achieved an integrated construction. Therefore, on the occasion of the fourth amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law, it is necessary to reconstruct the procedure for trial in absentia to facilitate its transition from segmentation to integration. China's “fugitive-type” criminal procedure for trial in absentia is essentially an in absentia procedure, consisting of three parts, namely, investigation in absentia, prosecution in absentia, and trial in absentia, with the first two constituting the pre-trial part of the procedure. Using normative research and countermeasure research, this paper examines the current application status of this procedure. It is believed that there are problems such as the scope of investigation in absentia not taking into account the trial, the limited procedural control of the procuratorial authorities, and the lack of guarantee of the right to defense throughout the whole process. These problems result in the pre-trial procedure being separated from the trial procedure and make the procedure show the characteristics of segmentation, which seriously hindering the application of the procedure. The research found that the procedural segmentation has the disadvantages of linearization of the litigation structure affecting the procedural legitimacy, nominal court hearings restricting the procedural substance, and pre-trial procedural functioning in a generalized manner restricting procedural effectiveness. Based on legal interpretation and legislative arguments, the integration of the procedure should give play to the synergistic resonance effect between the pre-trial procedure and the trial procedure, improve the procedural initiation mechanism centered on the supervisory power, construct the procedural control mechanism centered on the procuratorial power, and construct the human rights safeguard mechanism centered on the right to defense, so that the supervisory power, procuratorial power, right to defense, and right to trial can interact effectively, and better play the due role of the procedure in pursuing corrupt fugitives. The innovation of this paper lies in the fact that, on the basis of the existing theories, the procedure is examined externally from the new perspective of integration, and the reasons for the low application rate of the procedure are explored through the phases and coherence of the procedure, rather than being limited to the specific construction of an internal detail of the procedure. This paper will help to improve the ontological framework of the “fugitive-type” criminal procedure for trial in absentia, provide a truly applicable procedure for pursuing corrupt fugitives, facilitate the legalization of China's pursuit of corrupt fugitives, and offer corresponding references for the fourth amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law.

The relationship between the digital economy and residents′ cultural consumption involves not only micro-level issues closely related to residents′ daily lives but also macro-level issues concerning the formulation of cultural consumption policies in China. By combining macro and micro data, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for China′s digital economic development from three aspects: digital infrastructure, digital application, and digital innovation. It calculates the comprehensive index of digital economic development for 30 provincial-level regions in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and Xizang) from 2011 to 2021 and empirically examines the impact of digital economic development on households′ cultural consumption level and its mechanism. This paper finds that the digital economy significantly enhances households′ cultural consumption level, with significant heterogeneity among households at different life cycle stages, with different income levels, and in different regions. Specifically, the digital economy exerts the most significant positive effect on cultural consumption in households with a household head aged 60 and above, followed by those with a household head aged 30 to 39; it most significantly boosts cultural consumption in upper-middle-income households, with high-income households ranking second; and the promoting effect of the digital economy on the central and western regions is greater than that on the eastern region. The results of the mediation effect test show that the digital economy elevates households′ cultural consumption level by increasing per capita net income on the demand side and facilitating industrial structure upgrading on the supply side. Therefore, it is necessary to actively encourage the innovative development of the digital cultural industry, enrich the supply of digital cultural products to meet the cultural consumption needs of different groups, and at the same time cultivate and expand new forms of digital cultural consumption, expand cultural consumption scenarios, and release the potential of digital cultural consumption.

New Quality Productive Forces are the fundamental force to comprehensively advance Chinese modernization, and intellectual property rights (IPR) are the internal requirements and important focus to promote the development of New Quality Productive Forces. The IPR judicial practice plays multiple roles in promoting the development of New Quality Productive Forces. The people's courts, taking the IPR judicial practice as a starting point, explore specific paths to empower New Quality Productive Forces, which is consistent with the generative logic and development direction of New Quality Productive Forces. By systematically reviewing the research results of the people's courts at all levels in China and combining typical cases in the judicial field, this paper examines the research status, practical effects, and structural assumptions of IPR judicial practice empowering New Quality Productive Forces from the perspectives of literature, cases, and theory. It explores and demonstrates the value structure and theoretical model of IPR judicial practice empowering New Quality Productive Forces and proposes specific paths and hierarchical plans for this empowerment effect. This paper finds that IPR judicial practice achieves its empowerment effect through methods such as element extraction, mechanism innovation, and overall protection. Its judicial content, judicial process, and judicial results jointly constitute the theoretical model of the empowerment process. The operational basis of this model lies in the fact that the logic of IPR judicial practice empowering New Quality Productive Forces is premised on typified cases, promoting continuous technological breakthroughs and innovative allocation of production factors through differentiated judicial treatment methods, ultimately driving the deep transformation of industrial models. The operational logic of this model is rooted in the interconnectedness of IPR judicial practice and the elements of New Quality Productive Forces, and its judgment results can shape the relerant rule of New Quality Productive Forces. Through IPR judicial practice, it can maintain and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, guide the formation of advanced production relations, improve total factor productivity, and ultimately have the overall effect of empowering New Quality Productive Forces. With the continuous deepening of IPR judicial practice and related research, the hierarchical plans for IPR judicial practice empowering New Quality Productive Forces should be further developed from four dimensions:the conceptual elevation from rights protection to empowerment for New Quality Productive Forces, the process cultivation from element identification to precise application, the interpretation of judicial judgments from a new perspective, and the release of effectiveness of promoting the development of New Quality Productive Forces from individual cases to similar cases.

With the deep integration of digital technology and products, enterprises are facing problems such as diversified market demands and high demands from consumers for personalized service experiences. Many enterprises pay more attention to the close integration of products and services, hoping to meet the diversified needs of consumer groups and enhance their market competitiveness by improving the level of smart product-service systems. Currently, there is a relative lack of evaluation research on smart product-service systems, making it difficult for enterprises to accurately understand the advantages and disadvantages of their own solutions, thereby limiting their optimization and development. Based on existing literature and theory, this paper clarifies the core characteristics of smart product-service systems, considers factors related to the design of smart product-service systems, and constructs an evaluation index system for smart product-service systems, which includes 10 secondary indicators under four aspects:user experience, economy, environmental impact, and service. It uses the rough number improved best-worst method (BWM) to calculate indicator weights and accurately describes the distribution of fuzzy evaluation information to ensure the quality of decision information. At the same time, it uses the rough number improved TOPSIS method to rank the alternative solutions. By introducing Euclidean Distance and combining the concept of distance in rough set theory for calculation, the uncertain characteristics of the data are reflected. Four new energy intelligent vehicles, namely Tesla Model 3, NIO L7, Xiaopeng P7i, and NIO ET5, which are suitable for the research scenario, are selected as alternative solutions for example calculations. It is found that the smart product-service systems of NIO ET5 perform outstandingly under the evaluation criteria in this article. The evaluation method combining BWM and TOPSIS based on rough number improvement can effectively avoid uncertain factors in the evaluation of smart product-service systems. Rough numbers objectively integrate group opinions, and the combination of BWM and TOPSIS methods effectively simplifies the calculation process, improves the accuracy of judgments, and increases the reliability of weight results. This paper selects new energy vehicles that meet the application scenarios as research examples, fully demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the constructed evaluation model. It provides an effective scientific basis and references for the development of smart product-service systems, promotes the development of smart product-service systems evaluation, and provides theoretical support and practical guidance for enterprises to achieve business model innovation and improve user satisfaction and competitiveness.

With the in-depth advancement of the Internet Power strategy, the big data strategy, and the development of a digital economy during the 14th Five-Year Plan, China's digital economy has been continuously expanding, accounting for more than 40％ of GDP, and it has become an important driving force for promoting regional integration. The digital economy, with its spatial correlation characteristics, can break through geographical limitations and play a leading and driving role in regional economic development. However, due to the neutrality of technology and the profit-seeking nature of capital, problems such as data security, subject status alienation, and digital governance disorder have emerged during the integration of the digital economy with regional integration construction. Focusing on the dialectical relationship between the digital economy and regional integration, using literature analysis and comparative research methods, this paper analyzes the economic factual characteristics under the dual spatial superposition effect from two dimensions: foreign context and local practice. This paper finds that while integrating the digital economy with regional integration optimizes resource allocation, it also brings losses of non-economic values such as damage to data rights and alienation in the field of digital labor. This contradiction stems from the excessive pursuit of economic interests while ignoring the balance of political and social interests. Based on this, this paper reconstructs the abstract value system for big data applications. It is proposed that economic value targets should focus on data's value creation mechanism, resource optimization effect, and high standard effect as a production factor, as well as the spatial integration mechanism for the free circulation of data; non-economic value targets should strengthen citizens' data right protection and the realization of equality and justice in the field of digital labor. This paper further reveals the development tensions constituted by unbalanced resource allocation, differences in technology application capabilities, and differences in institutional implementation and proposes institutional optimization paths for value integration: constructing an institutional system in which the digital economy empowers regional integration, striking a proper balance between the government and the market, respecting market rules to maximize economic welfare output, strengthening regulatory functions to ensure the realization of non-economic goals, and coordinating regulatory tools to improve the normative system. This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the benign interaction between the digital economy and regional integration, and it has important reference significance for promoting the construction of the data factor market, solving the problems of data silos and data barriers, and achieving coordinated regional development.